CERAMIC TILES FACTORY

Tiles have been used as surfacing for walls and floors for thousands of years because of their beauty and durability.  They have been produced in most of the countries of the world because of the abundance of the raw materials and the simplicity of the manufacturing technology. These two factors, together with the employment, generating capacity of this labour – intensive industry have attracted the interest of developing countries.
The term ‘ceramic’ is normally applied to products made of clay.  Clay is a general name for all earths that form a paste when mixed with appropriate amounts of water and that harden when heated.  Most clays are composed of silica and alumina while kaolins are their purest forms. Wall and floor tiles are  formed by pressing higher grades of clay after blending them with flint, feldspar and talc.
Ceramic tiles are classified under two headings.

(i)  Unglazed ceramic sets, flag and paving, hearth wall tiles.

(ii) Glazed ceramic  sets, flay and  paving,  hearth  wall tiles.

->   Unglazed stets, flag and paving, hearth and wall tiles :-

This heading covers ceramic stets, flags and tiles commonly for paving or for facing walls hearth etc., provided that they unglazed.

Flags and paving, hearth and wall tiles are thinner in relation to their surface dimensions than are building bricks.

Whereas  bricks  play  an essential part  in  construction  work, forming  the very framework of the building, flags and tiles  are more especially intended for setting in cement on the surface  of existing  wall, etc. They also differ from roofing tiles in  that they  are usually flat and do not need to be pierced or  provided with the nibs or otherwise shaped for interlocking and that  they are designed to be placed side by side without overlapping. Flags are larger than tiles and are usually rectangular; tiles may be of other geometric shapes (hexagonal, Octagonal, etc.). Tiles are mainly used for facing walls, mantelpieces, hearth, floors and paths,  flags are more especially used for paving or flooring  or as hearth slabs.

In  general  unglazed tile may be defined as a  hard,  dense tile  of  uniform  composition throughout,  deriving  colour  and texture from the materials of which the body is made.

=>   Glazed stets, flags and paving, hearth and wall tiles :-

This heading covers tiles, flags and stets that have been glazed, frequently after some form of decoration. For the purpose of  this heading, the term “glazing” includes salt glazing  (i.e. spraying  the  goods  with salt during the firing  to  produce  a vitreous  glaze), as well as methods using the  enamels,  glazes, etc.

Glazed  tiles  may  be  defined  as  a  tile  with  a  fused impervious facial finish composed of ceramic materials, fused  to the  body of the tile which may be  non-vitreous,  semi-vitreous, vitreous or impervious.

Ceramics industry in India is about 100 year old and has by now formed a sizable industrial base. In fact the industry has been growing at the rate of 10 to 15/- per annum.

Ceramic arts and crafts are age-old professions in India. With   the  impact  of  modern  science  and  technology,   these traditional   arts  have  grown  into  an  important   industrial occupation for a large number of our people.

Over  the  years, the ceramic and allied industries  of  our country  have  witnessed great changes, both in the  quality  and quantity  of  products manufactured, and today  these  industries play a vital role in the country’s industrial and socio-economic-progress.

INTRODUCTION
PROPERTIES
USES AND APPLICATIONS
B.I.S. SPECIFICATION
TEST FOR WARPAGE
MARKET SURVEY
BEST TILE MANUFACTURERS AND RETAILERS
TOP 10 TILES COMPANIES IN INDIA 2015-16
LIST OF TOP 10 TILES COMPANIES IN INDIA
PRESENT MANUFACTURERS/SUPPLIERS/EXPORTER
RAW MATERIALS
CLAYS
FLINT
PROPERTIES
FELDSPAR
GRADES
USES
RAW MATERIAL POSITION
QUARTZ :
FORMULATION FOR PREPARATION OF GLAZES
COMPOSITION OF ONE TILE (FOR GLAZED TILE)
MANUFACTURING PROCESS
RAW MIX PREPARATION
DRYING OF RAW MIX
PRESSING AND DRYING
INSPECTION SORTING AND PACKING SYSTEMS
PROCESS FLOW SHEET
PLANT LAYOUT
PRINCIPLES OF PLANT LAYOUT
PLANT LOCATION FACTORS
EXPLANATION OF TERMS USED
IN THE PROJECT REPORT
PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULES
SUPPLIERS OF PLANT & MACHINERY
ROLLER KILN
JAW CRUSHER
TUNNEL DRYER
SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS
CHINA CLAY
PIGMENT
PRINTING INK

APPENDIX – A:

1.      COST OF PLANT ECONOMICS
2.      LAND & BUILDING
3.      PLANT AND MACHINERY
4.      FIXED CAPITAL INVESTMENT
5.      RAW MATERIAL
6.      SALARY AND WAGES
7.      UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
8.      TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
9.      COST OF PRODUCTION
10.      PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS
11.      BREAK EVEN POINT
12.      RESOURCES OF FINANCE
13.      INTEREST CHART
14.      DEPRECIATION CHART
15.      CASH FLOW STATEMENT
16.      PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET