Major Printing Processes
Relief Printing
Intaglio Printing
Screen Printing
Lithography
Electrostatic Printing
Printing Cycle
Sequence of  Steps in the Printing Pocesses

ORGANIZATION OF PRINTING SERVICES

Commercial Printing
Trade Shops
Special Purpose Printing
Quick Printing
In-Plant Printing
Publishing
Package Printing
Related Industries

TYPOGRAPHIC TECHNOLOGY

Hand Composition
Linotype
Monotype
Ludlow
Photo optical Systems
Photo scanning Systems
Systems Components
Storage area
Computer
Photo unit
Processor
Digital Typesetting
Scanning and Laser Systems
Basic Classification of Typefaces
Old Style
Italic
Transitional
Modern
Eqyptian
Sans Serit
Typographic Measurement
Metal Type Measurement
Spatial Measurement
Planning a Page
Typography
Type
Type Faces
Type Measurement
Type Formats
Copy Fitting

COMPOSING THE TYPE

How to Set Foundry Type
Select The Type
Adjust the composing stick to the Desired Measure
Cut Leads and Slugs to Length
Set The type
Prepare A Reproduction Proof
Machine set Hot Type
How to Prepare  A Reproduction Proof
Dump The Type
Space out the form
Tie up the form
Proof The type for Errors
Pull the reproduction Proof
Distributed The type
Cold Type  Composition
Hand Assembling Preprinted Letters
How to Set Dry Transfer Type
Position The First  Letter
Transfer  the first letter
Transfer the remaining Letters
Make Corrections as required
Burnish The type
Protect the copy
How to set Pressure  Sensitive type
How to set type from Paper type pads
Assemble characters in the composing  stick
Remove type from the composing stick
Trim type to size
Typing with a Typewriter
Phototypesetting
How to Set type with a strip Printer
Insert a Filmstrip
Expose The First Character
Expose the remaining characters
Process the film or paper
How to set  type with a Headliner
Position The Type Master and Set the Controls
Set the type

DESKTOP PUBLISHING (SOFTWARE)

What is DTP ?
An Unusual application
It is Possible with Desktop Publishing
At the Press of A Button
And within A few Minutes 800 Catalogue Pages
Problems Exist with hardware Too
How This Book was created
Printing up to now
Layout Planning by the designer
The Typesetting Studio Recreates the text
The Galley Proofs Are Corrected by the Author
The Author Has to Shorten Texts which are too long
Imposition Planning
Final Control by Author
Any other  requests
The Litho is Created
Printing Preparation
Printing  Today with DTP
DTP simple
What Does a DTP Process  Look Like
Creation of Text
Obtaining Pictures
Layout
Sample Print
Inexpensive Printing
Professional Printing
The Advantage
Comparison of The conventional System with DTP

THE POSTSCRIPT LANGUAGE

Image
The Printer Driver
Postscript Errors
Postscript Limitations

PROOF READING

PRE PRESS PROCESSES

Computer Generated Screens

CAMERA

Process Cameras
Camera Size
Camera Optics
Choice of Camera Type Vertical Cameras
Horizontal Cameras
State of the Art Cameras
Contact Exposure facility
Vacuum Contact Frame
Contact Exposure System
Exposure Control Systems
Image Distortion
Lith Developers
Chemical Mixing
Colour Electronic Prepress Systems
Computer Aided Design (CAD)
Image Capture Systems
Image Assembly and Image Manipulation Systems
Rules or Borders
Illustrative Copy
Continuous Tone Copy
Photograph and Illustration
Combination Copy, Continuous Tone & Line
Mechanical Copy Assembly
Image Assembly for reproduction
Stripping substrates

PHOTOGRAPHING LINE & CONTINUOUS TONE COPY

Steps  to  Expose  A Line Negative
Photographing Colored Copy
Screen  Color
Negative & Positive  Screens
Screen  Rulings
Dot Shape
Special Effect Screens
Halftone Negative
Half Tone Exposures
Filter Factors
Steps  to Process Line & Halftone Negatives
Prepare the chemicals
Prepare the darkroom
Develop the Negative
Stop the action of the Developer
Fix the Film
Wash The Film
Dry the film
Machine Processing  of Lines  & Halftone  Negatives
Advantages  of Machine  Processing
Contact  Printing
Contacting Equipment
Stripping & Proofing Flat Etching & Opaquing
Stripping Positive Flats
Stripping Halftones
Registration Techniques
Step and Repeat Flats

SCANNING

Scanner Resolution
Sharpness
White Point Adjustment
Black Point Adjustment
Gradation
Colour Adjustments
Preparation
Scanner Workflow

OFFSET PLATE MAKING

Plate & Platemaking
Graining
Anodizing
Coating
Prepare A Presensitized Plate
Desensitize
Lacquer
Wash
Develop
Squeeze
Wash
Finish
Print or Gum The Plate
Negatives
Positives
Inking in
Automatic Plate Processors
Step:Make a Series of Test Exposure
Step 2: Process The Test Strips
Step 3: Compare the Results to a Standard
Platemaking Exposure Factors
Multimetal Plates
Waterless Plates
Thermal Hardening
Types of offset Plates
Direct Image Plates
Presensitized Plates  (PS Plates)
To Prepare A PS, Plate
Desensitize
To Prepare Wipe on Plates
Expose a Paper Negative
Transfer the Unexposed silver from the negative to the Plate
Process the Plate
Electrostatic Plates
Photo Direct Plates
Step & Repeat Platemaking
Platemaking Procedures

PRESSES

Letter  Press
The Offset Process and its Principle, Advantage and Limitations
Lithography Offset
Presses (Offset) or Duplicators
Perfector & Multicolour Presses

OFFSET PRESS

Sheet Feeder
Sheet Separator
Printing Units
Plate Cylinder
Inspect and Measure The Plate
Blanket  Cylinders
The Inking System
The Damping System
No Covering
Brush Damping
Cotton Covers
Paper Damper
Stockkinette Sleeves
3M Paper Sleeves
Dampening Solutions
The Autodamp Unit
Brush Damping Unit
The Hydro Colour System
Condensation Damping Unit
The Dahlgran Unit
Matic Damping Unit
Feeding & Registering System
Sheet, Stream And Web Fed Presses
The Delivery System
Pre Make Ready Check List
Make Ready Check List
Clean Up Check List
Two Colour and Multi Colour Sheet Fed presses, Cylinder Arrangements
Mabeg Feeder
Setting Instructions
Pile Loading
Pile Raising
Sheet Separator Unit
Pick up Suckers
Rear Air Blast Nozzles
Rear Flip Brushers
Setting Transport Rollers
Adjusting The Hold Down Rollers
Adjusting the Hold Down Rollers
Setting Plastic  Transport Rollers
Adjustment of Rotary Brushes
Adjusting  the sheet Hold down Balls
Setting Flat Brushes
Adjusting the Double sheet Control
Rechck of Double Sheet Control
Front and Side Lays
Swing Arm Grippers
Sheet Detection
Sheet Transport
The Delivery System
Panels Control
Press Makeready and Operation
Checking the work instruction
Preparing the pile
Feeder Setting
Feedboard Setting
Setting the sheet Path
Delivery Setting
Fitting the Plate
Preparing the Dampers
Ink Preparation
Electrostatic Powder Application
Washing  Off the plate
Printing
Setting Register Controls
Obtaining the Pass Sheet and Running on
Wash Up
Plate Cylinder Packing
Change of image size
Impression cylinder pressure
Hydraulic Triping
Blanket Maintenance
Multicolour  Printing
Image Coverage
Ink Transparency
Ink Colour
Process Colour Printing
The Multicolour Press
Quality Control

WEB OFFSET

Cylinder Dimensions
Plate Cylinders
Blanket Cylinders
Impression Cylinders
Inking System
Damping Will
Photo Polymer Relief Printing
Photopolymer Relief Plates
Solid Plates
Proofing
Web Offset
Newspaper Printing
Length Folding
Cross Folding
Concertina Folding
Combination Folding
Ribbon Folding
Cutting
Rewinding
Infra Red Drying on Web Offset
Offset Printing Machines
Durometer
Anti Set Off Spray  Powder Control
Pressroom Lighting
Moisture Content of Paper
Business Form Production

SPECIFICATION FOR OFFSET PUBLICATIONS

Standard Specifications for Offset Publications
Density and Dot Gain on coated papers
Solid Density on Coated paper
% Dot  Gain and Tolerances on Coated paper
Density and Dot Gain on Glazed newsprint
Dot Gain and Tolerances on Coated paper
Screen Angles
Colour Sequences
Ink Quality and Colour
Proofing Specifications
Proofing  paper
Set of Positives
Colour Sequences & Ink Shades
Proofing Densities & Dot Gains
Progressive Proofs
Control Strips
Markings
Viewing Conditions
Photo Mechanical Pre-Press Proofing
Ink Trapping

PROOF AND PROOFING TECHNIQUES

Simple Proofs
Colour Proofing
Colour Sequence
Film Laminates
Pigment/Toner Laminates
Ink-on-Paper
Ink-jet Proofs
Video Proofs
Electrostatic
Proofing
Digital Proofs
Advantages and Uses of Different Proofing Methods
Digital Proofs Advantages
Use This Method When
Use This  Method When
Photomechanical Proofs Advantages
Use this Method When
Press Proofs advantages
Use This Method When
Proof Correction Symbols

MODERN PRINTING PROCESS INK-JET

Ink-Jet
Problems
Laser
Ion Deposition
Manography
Problems
Led
Thermal Direct
Thermal Transfer
Film Plotting Machine
Computer to Plate Technology (CTP)
Computer to Plate
CD Rom
Printing
CTP or Not
Plates & Films
Scanners
Select Scan
Features
Horizon Plus
Arcus II
Duo Scan New
A New Large Format Imagesetter From Scangraphic
High Demands on Imaging systems
Continuous Progress in Quality
Punch Systems Compatible to Printing Presses up to A1 Oversize
RIP and RIP Interface
Technology Aspects
Scantext Combo Optimum Job Management
Combo Combines Several Work Procedures
The Combo Philosophy
Imposing with scantext
Preparation for the Exposure with Scantext combo
Imagesetters are for imaging
Digital Colour Presses & Computer to Press
Plateless
Digital Printing for The Printing Industry
Digital Printing for Pre Press Companies
Digital Print

NESPAPER PRINTING LETERPRESS, OFFSET, FLEXO AND ANILOX

The rapid rate of progress in Newspaper Printing During the past few Decades will continue into the future
Revolution in The Press Hall: Offset Storms the Letterpress Stronghold
Tailor Made Technology is The Trend of Today
Advanced Console Technology is Now Standard Equipment
Electronics Can tap Enormous Productivity Reserves
Counter Trend Towards less Complex Technology
The Newspaper Technology of Tomarrow
Anilox offset
Dampening Unit
Press Configurations
Waterless Offset Printing for sheet Fed & Web Fed
Sillicone Instead of Aluminium
Best Results with Temperature Control
Temperature Control of The Inking Units
Start Up Waste In Web Offset Reduced
Using Synergism
Waterless Technology for heat set Presses
Active Air Cooling
The Secret of the Waterless Process

NEWSPAPER PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY

Page Forms
Page Grid
Creating A Story Hole on the Page Grid
Auto Registration
Composing Story Elements
Composing the Complete Story
Boxed Story
Rules Between Stories and Over/Underline for Story Elements
Meta Editing
Advertisements
Yellow Page Software
Features
Parameter file Maintenance
Advertisements Size File Maintenance
Area Master File Maintenance
Category master file Maintenance
alesman Master file Maintenance

FLEXOGRAPHY & PACKAGING PRINTING PLATES

Moulded Rubber Plates
Basis of Rubber Platemaking
Photopolymer Plates
Basics of Photopolymer Platemaking
Qualities  of A Good Metal Engraving
Types of Engraving
Hard Durometer Photopolymer Master
Water Washable Photopolymer Master for Molds
Molding Press  Equipment
Laser Engraved Design Rolls
Rubber Selection
Polymer Applications
Vulcanizing
Griding and Polishing
Design Factors Engraving the cylinder
Proofing and Inspection
Use & Care
Advantage
Photopolymer Plate Making
Types
Alcohol & Water Base Inks
Backing Materials
Compressible Construction
Durometer
Platemaking From Sheet Photopolymer
Preparation
Back Exposure
Position Negative
Face Exposure
Washout Preparation
Drying
Chlorination
Post Exposure
Advantages with Photopolymer Plates
Steps in Making Liquid Photopolymer Plates
Making The Coated Plate
Exposing the Plate
Exposed Unwashed Plate
Complete Developed Plate
Plates for Corrugated Printing
Principles of Flexography
Fountain Roll
Anilox Roll
Plate Cylinder
Impression Cylinder
Flexographic Photopolymer Plates
Laser Engraved Plates and Cylinder
Complete Cylinders
Designs
Plate Cylinders
Sleeves
Impression Cylinders
Inking System and Ink Trough
Colour
Resins
Solvents
Printing Units
In-Line Printing Units
Central Impression
Reproduction Photography and Image Assembly
Objectives
Line Work
Halftone
Tone Compression
Process Colour Printing (Process Printing)
Light Sensitive Materials
Reproduction Films
Photographic Papers
Diffusion Transfer  Materials
Photographic  Characteristics
Photographic Speed
Colour Or Spectral Sensitivity
The Emulsion
The Film Backing
Colour Differences Between Emulsion & Backing
Surface Characteristics
Photopolymer Plate  Requirements
Mechanics of Design Preparation of Flexo Press
Product Sizes and Forms
Typography
Line Illustrations
Line Count
Colour Reproduction
Colour Selection
Register
Rendering
Transfer Materials
Electronic Imaging and Computer Graphics
Computer Graphics  Workstation
Flexography Printing Press
The Stack Press
This Stack Presses Have Following  Three Main Advantages
The Central Impression Press (CI Press)
The In-Line Press
Web Tension Control
Tension Zones
Brakes Clutch & Motors
Web Tension Control Systems
Automatic Controls
Dancer Roll System
Tension Transducer Systems
Closed loop Tension Control
Advantages
Unwind Equipment
Flying Splice Unwind
24′ Diameter Flying Splice Unwind
Unwind Tensionfor Systems
Approx. Transfer Web Materials
Infeed Unit
Outfeed Unit (Cooling Drum)
Rewind Equipment
Centre Winders
Rewind Jusion Systems
Web Guides
Printing Stations
Two Roll
Anilox Roll
Fountain Roll
Fountain Roll Speed
Nip Loading
Deflection
Reverse-Angle Doctor Blade System
Deck Control
Continuous Inking
Side And Circumferential Register Control
Mechanical Components
Plate Cylinders
Anilox Rolls
Construction
Fountain Rolls
Cooling Rolls
Balancing Flexo Rolls
Web Viewers
In-Line Laminating
Folding Carton Presses

GRAVURE & PACKAGING

Printing
Conventional Gravure
Electronic Engraving
Gravure Printing Units
Printing Cylinders
Ink Container
Web Control During Printing
Web Register
Manual Adjustment
Automatic Correction
Web Turning
Web Drying
Liquid Inks
Web Cooling
Zigzag Folding
Combination Folding
Rewinding
Batch Counting Devices
Bundling Devices
Labelling Devices
Inserting
Web Cooling
Web Finishing
Combination Folding
Rewinding
Batch Counting Devices
Bundling Devices
Labelling Devices
Inserting
Web Cooling
Web Finishing
Combination Folding
Rewinding
Batch Counting Devices
Bundling Devices
Labelling Devices
Inserting
Offset Gravure
Sheetfed Gravure
Applications
Print Specific Applications
Advantages of Sheet Fed gravure
Advantages in Finishing

SCREEN PRINTING

The Sceen Printing Press
Types of Fabrics
Construction of Fabrics
Mesh Count, Mesh Strength And Mesh Opening
Stretching the Screen Fabric
How to Build A Screen Process Press
Assemble Neede  Materials
Bill of Materials
Construct the Frame
Attach The Screen Fabric
Tape and Seal The Screen
Prepare the Base
Hinge The Frame to the Base
Add A Frame Support
Print Dry Equipment
Constructing Speciality Equipment

SCREEN PRINTING ON PAPER, TEXTILES AND OTHER PRINTING SUBSTRATES

Type of Paper
Textiles
Color of Stock
Type of Fabric
Printing on T-Shirts
Plastics
Types of Plastics
Metals
Woods
Ceramics

SCREEN PROCESS STENCILS

Hand Cut Paper Stencils
To Prepare A Paper Stencil
Image The Paper
Cut The Stencils
Adhere The Stencil
Hand Cut Film Stencils
To Prepare a Film Stencil
Prepare for cutting
Cut the Stencil
Adhere The Stencil
Remove the Backing Sheet
Photographic Stencils
To Prepare an Indirect Photographic Stencil
Prepare for Exposure
Load The Frame
Expose the stencil
Develop The Stencil
Wash out the stencil
Washout Temperature
Adhere the stencil
To Prepare A Direct Photographic  Stencil
Mix The Emulsion
Coat the Screen
Expose the Screen
Process the stencil
To prepare A Direct/Indirect  Photographic Stencil
Sensitize The Coating  Solution
Adhere the film to the fabric
Expose The Stencil
Wash Out the stencil

SCREEN PRINTING  AUTOMATIC PRESS

The Printing Forme Makes it possible
The Screen Printing Features and Their Singularity

CHOOSING A PRINTING PROCESS

Letter Press
Advantage
Limitations
Lithography
Advantage
Limitation
Photo Gravure
Advantage
Limitations
Screen Printing
Advantage
Limitation
Collo Type
Adantage
Limitation
Flexo Graphic
Advantages
Limitation
What Process to Use

SECURITY PRINTING

Currency Printing
Cheque Printing
Credit Cards
Caliper and Dimensions
Hologram
Hologram Types
Holgraphic Pattered Foils
Three Dimensional Holograms
Multiple Plane Holograms
Stereograms
Uses
Security
Book Covers
Print Ads, Direct Mail
Packaging
Sports Trading Cards
Numbering with Micr Ink on Rotary Presses
Ink Agitation
Heat Fountains
Distribution of Ink
Form Rollers and Impression Cylinders
Cam Setting
Setting Form Rollers
Impression Cylinders
Setting Impression
Speeds

BAR CODING

What it is
How it Works
Why It’s Used
Where It’s Used
Type of Bar Code and Description
Monarch STD Code
Monarch (Codebar) AKA Rational
Code 39 AKA Intermec
Code 49 From: Intermec
Code 16k From:Laser Lite Systems
How Bar Codes Are Structured
Continuous Codes
Discrete Bar Codes
How Discrete Bar Codes  Are Manufactured
Letter Press
Off Line Ribbon Encoders
Web Presses and Collators
Bar Code Ready
The Ink Train
Number Shaft
Bearing Support
Impression Cylinder Bear to Bear
Impression Cylinder
Bearing Support
Inks
Users Friendly
Innovations

INK JET PRINTING

Continuous Ink-Jet Technology
Drop on Demand Systems
Thermal Ink Jet Technology
Piezoelectric Ink-Jet Technology
Ink-Jet Applications

DIGITAL PRINTING

Direct Imaging Presses
Plate Exposure
Digital Toner Based Printing
Press Configuration
Implifications of Direct Digital Presses
Personalized Magazines and other information Pieces
Elimination of Traditional Bookstores
No Out of Print Books
Mass Marketing Replaced by personalized Marketing
Virtual Elimination of Warehousing
Low cost Access to Quality Color

OKABT ECIBINUCS IF OIKTTGEBE VAGS & AUTOMATIC PRINTING

Plant & Machinery
Fixed Capital
Raw Materials
Total Working Capital/Month
Total Capital Investment
Turn Over/Annum

PLANT ECONOMICS OF TEXTILE PRINTING (JOB WORK)

Plant & Machinery
Fixed Capital
Raw Materials
Total Working Capital/Month
Total Capital Investment
Turn Over/Annum

PLANT ECONOMICS OF CERAMIC TILE PRINTING MEDIUM FOR SCREEN PRINTING

Plant & Machinery
Fixed Capital
Raw Materials
Total Working Capital/Month
Total Capital Investment
Turn Over/Annum

PLANT ECONOMICS OF CLOTH PRINTING (JOB WORK)

Plant & Machinery
Fixed Capital
Raw Materials
Total Working Capital/Month
Total Capital Investment
Turn Over/Annum

PLANT ECONOMICS OF COMPUTER CONTINUOUS STATIONERY

Plant & Machinery
Fixed Capital
Raw Materials
Total Working Capital/Month
Total Capital Investment
Turn Over/Annum

PLANT ECONOMICS OF OFFSET PRINTING PRESS

Plant & Machinery
Fixed Capital
Raw Materials
Total Working Capital/Month
Total Capital Investment
Turn Over/Annum

PLANT ECONOMICS OF DTP AND PRINTING UNIT

Plant & Machinery
Fixed Capital
Raw Materials
Total Working Capital/Month
Total Capital Investment
Turn Over/Annum

PLANT ECONOMICS OF OFFSET SECURITY PRINTING PRESS

Plant & Machinery
Fixed Capital
Raw Materials
Total Working Capital/Month
Total Capital Investment
Turn Over/Annum

PLANT ECONOMICS OF ROTO GRAVURE PRINTING (FOR FLEXIBLE PAKAGING)

Plant & Machinery
Fixed Capital
Raw Materials
Total Working Capital/Month
Total Capital Investment
Turn Over/Annum

PLANT ECONOMICS OF SCREEN PRINTING ON PAPER/CARDS

Plant & Machinery
Fixed Capital
Raw Materials
Total Working Capital/Month
Total Capital Investment
Turn Over/Annum

PLANT ECONOMICS OF HEAT TRANSFER LABEL BY SCREEN PRINTING PROCESS

Plant & Machinery
Fixed Capital
Raw Materials
Total Working Capital/Month
Total Capital Investment
Turn Over/Annum

PLANT ECONOMICS OF FLEXO GRAPHIC & ROTO GRAVURE PRINTING

Plant & Machinery
Fixed Capital
Raw Materials
Total Working Capital/Month
Total Capital Investment
Turn Over/Annum

PLANT ECONOMICS OF SCREEN PRINTING COTTON CLOTH

Plant & Machinery
Fixed Capital
Raw Materials
Total Working Capital/Month
Total Capital Investment
Turn Over/Annum

PLANT ECONOMICS OF HAND BLOCK PRINTING

Plant & Machinery
Fixed Capital
Raw Materials
Total Working Capital/Month
Total Capital Investment
Turn Over/Annum

PLANT  ECONOMICS OF PAPER TRANSFER INK LABELS (LIKE TATTOO)

Plant & Machinery
Fixed Capital
Raw Materials
Total Working Capital/Month
Total Capital Investment
Turn Over/Annum

SUPPLIERS OF PLANT & MACHINERIES

Offset Printing Machinery
Screen Printing Machinery
Bag Printing Machinery
Flexographic Printing Machinery
Glass Printing Machinery
Label Printing Machinery
Box Case & Carton Printing Machinery
Plastics Printing Machinery
Rotogravure Printing Machinery
Textile Printing Machinery
Hot Foil Printing Services

SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS

Printing Chemicals
Printing Inks
Flexographic Printing Inks
Lithographic Printing Inks
Metal Printing Inks
Metallic Printing Inks
Pad Printing Inks
Plastic Film Printing Inks
Screen Printing Inks
Plates Printing

Engineers India Research Institute (EIRI) is a renowned name in the industrial world for offering technical and financial consultancy services.

EIRI services are:

Detailed Feasibility Reports
New Project Identification
Project Feasibility and Market Study
Identification of Lucrative Industrial Project Opportunities
Preparation of Project Profiles / Pre-Investment and Detailed Feasibility Studies,
Market Surveys / Studies, Market Survey Cum Detailed Techno-Economic Feasibility Reports
Project Reports in CD Roms
Identification of Plant /Process/Machinery and Equipment, Industrial General Guidance for setting up new industrial projects.

Our most up-to-date and Technologically Advanced Industrial Project Reports, categorized with respect to Financial Outlays and Sector – wise Classification are immensely useful for :

Existing Small or Medium Scale Industrialists facing competition from large houses
Young Entrepreneurs dreaming to start their own industrial enterprise
Young Graduates and Professionals wishing to begin their career
Industrialists interested in Debottlenecking  their capacities & New Product – Lines
Large Industrial Houses pursuing  Expansion, Growth and Diversification Plans

The post Hand Book Of Printing Technology (Offset, Screen, Flexo, Gravure, Inkjet & Digital) appeared first on EIRI - eBooks and Project Reports.

COMPLETE HAND BOOK ON PACKAGING TECHNOLOGY AND INDUSTRIES

(Food Packaging, Food Cans, Tin Plate Containers, Cashew Packaging, Canned  Food Storage, Aerosol Packing, Paint Packing, Crowns, Packaging of Dehydrated Products, Traditional Food Packaging, Lined Cartons, Hollow Containers, Plastic Packaging, Blow Moulded Plastic Container)

FOOD PACKAGING TECHNOLOGY

• Introduction
• Functions of Food Packaging
• Microwavable soup and sandwich combination in which the package and product are specifically designed for thawing and heating in a home microwave oven.
• Requirements for Effective Food Packaging
• A modern high speed packaging line for filling paperboard based  cartons with liquid foods and beverages such as milk or soups.
• Percentage of Packaging Used for Different Products
• Plastic tubes containing dairy products with inner membrane seals for tamper evidency
• Types of containers
• Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary
• Form fill seal packaging
• Some standard designs for secondary corrugated shipping cartons based on international case code 0200
• Automated palletizing and rotating stretch wrapping system for stabilizing unit (tertiary) loads prior to removal with a fork lift truck
• A vacuum form fill seal (FFS) process commonly used to package processed
• metals such as trank furters, mozzarella cheese, and other
• products
• Hemetic Closure
• Metal sheets being prepared for can making
• Food Packaging Materials and Forms
• One method of forming pouches using vertical form fill seal machines Pouches can also be formed on horizontal machines
• Projected Dollar Value of Packaging in the United States
• Metal
• Types of Steel base Required for General Classes of Food products
• General Types of Can coatings
• Metal Cans
• Can Construction
• Can Corrosion
• Comparison of the steps in manufacturing three piece soldered side seam, three piece  welded side, drawn and redrawn two piece, drawn and ironed two piece metal cans.
• A tin coated can acts as a galvanic cell where tin (Sn) is a sacrifical anode and protects the iron (Fe) from corrosion
• Can sizing
• Glass
• Selected Standard can sizes and Volumes
• Glass Containers
• Forming glass containers by the blow and blow and press and blow techniques
• Paper, Paperboard and Fiberboard
• Plastics
• Typical glass container closures commonly used for foods and beverages
• General Characteristics of Packaging Films
• Permeability and Chemical Properties of Packaging Films
• Mechanical Properties of Packaging Films
• Laminates
• Retortable Pouches and Trays
• Water Vapor Transmission Rate (WVTR) of Aluminium Foil Laminates
• Flexible laminants are used to package a comple meal including retorted entree for military use by soldiers in the field
• edible Films
• Meal Ready to Eat Individual
• Two or more different polymers can be  combined into a multiple laye film or sheet by forcng different melted plastics through a single slit die
• Extruder “A”
• Extruder “B”
• Wood and Cloth Materials
• Package testing
• Method for determining the gas transmission rate (i.e. permeability) of a plastic film (specimen) by measuring the concentration of test gas in a reference gas which is separated from the test gas by the plastic film
• Packages with special features
• Microwave Oven Packaging
• Cooked and processed meats packaged in shrink films
• Typical manufacturing  technology for depositing very small amounts of aluminium on hightemperature plastic films used to heat foods by conduction in a microwave oven
• High Barrier Plastic Bottles
• Aseptic Packaging in Composite Cartons
• Aseptic packaging system using form till seal technique
• Military Food Packaging
• Newer Methods of Cooking and Food Service
• Packaging and Communication
• Distribution Packaging
• Color and Symbolism in Packaging for Asian Markets
• Safety of food packaging
• Migration from Plastics
• Contamination
• Environmental considerations
• Composition of solid municipal waste by (A) type of material and (B) by type of product
• Reduction in  the amount of packaging used (i.e source reduction) by making products more concentrated

BIO BASED PLASTICS FOR PACKAGING 

• Introduction
• Sources and classification
• Optimal food packaging and chaltenges
• Type of Food  and Packaging Requirement
• Modifications
• Bio Nano Composites
• Use of Additives
• Clay
• Edible Films
• Coatng of Films
• Protein Films
• Protein Films
• PLA Silicate
• Addition of Plasticizers
• Structure of a multi layer film
• Active packaging
• Multilayer films
• Protein coating on a synthetic film
• Protein coating on a synthetic film
• Compounding
• Conclusion

METAL FOOD CANS

• 3 Piece Soldered
• Steel Food can Technologies
• 3 Piece Welded
• Drawn Cans
• 2 Piece Single Draw
• 2 Piece  DRD
• 2 Piece DWI
• Matching can to product
• Fruit
• Pressure Processed Products
• Vegetables
• Meats and  Fish
• Shaped Cans
• TFS
• Printed Cans

TIN PLATE CONTAINERS FOR PHARMACEUTICALS, FOODS AND COSMETICS

• Manufacturing Process
• Can Sealants

TINPLATE CONTAINER FOR FRUIT AND VEGETABLE PRODUCTS PACKAGING 

• Introduction
• Modern Trends
• Industry Trends
• New State of Art Technologies
• Tin Plate for Fruit and Vegetable Products
• Composition of base steel plate
• Different types of steel plate
• Developments in tinplate manufacture
• Designations and normal coating weights
• Structure of tincoating
• Light tin coated steel (LTS)
• Double cold rolled tinplate (2 CR) or Double reduced tinplate (DR)
• Developments in can fabrication
• Two Piece Cans
• Drawn Thin Redraw (DTR) and precision sidewall thickness control (PSTC) process
• Packaging of fruit and vegetable products in tinplate container
• Acid resistant facquered cans
• Sulphur resistant lacquered cans
• High Tin Fillet (HTF) can
• Corrosion Problem in food cans and its inhibition
• Quality control tests
• Thickness of tinplate
• Grain structure of tincoating
• Coating continuity (porosty) test
• Tin oxide
• Chromium in passivation layers
• Special property tests
• Physical tests
• Tests for lacquer
• BIS specification for OTS can for fruit and Vegetable products
• Tincoating
• Standards for metal containers

PACKAGING OF CASHEWS

• Introduction
• Issues
• Opportunity
• Actions
• Conclusion

SHELF LIFE OF CANNED FOOD

• Optimum Storage Conditions
• Typical shelf lives of canned foods under optimum storage conditions
• Nutritional Aspects of Canned Foods
• Processing Can Increase as Well as Decrease Nutritional Value in Foods
• Increased Energy
• Restoration
• Food Tailoring
• The effect of Heat processing on Nutrients
• Vitamins and minerals
• proteins
• Carbhydrates and Fats
• The effect of Storage on the Nutrient Content of Canned Food
• Nutritional Value Research (NVR) Studies
• Comparison of the Nutrient Content of Canned and Fresh Food as Eaten
• The Products Tested
• Study No. 2 (NVR II) Nutrient Content of Prepared
• Canned Foods
• Product Tested
• Nutritional Value Research study (NVR I)
• Nutritional Index (NI)

AEROSOL CONTAINERS PACKAGING 

• Selection and Application
• Container Selection
• Container Application

PACKAGING OF PAINTS

• Introduction
• Tinplate Containers
• Requirements of Oil Pant Packaging
• Can Manufacturing Process
• Stage (i)
• Stage (ii)
• Stage (iii)
• Recent Trends

MANUFACTURE OF CROWNS

• Introduction
• Functions of a Closure System
• Usage
• Raw Materials
• The Metal
• Decorative/Protective Finishes
• Functions
• Attributes
• Decoration System
• Components of decoration system
• Size
• Coating
• Inks
• Varnish
• Lacquer
• Additives/Solvents etc.
• Classification of Materials
• Sealing Liner
• Manufacturing process
• Sheet Squaring/Trimming
• Metal Decoration
• Roller Coating
• Litho Printing
• Artwork
• Colour Separation
• Step and Repeat
• The Plate Making
• Printing
• Sliting
• Sheet Lubrication
• Crown Forming
• Crown Lining
• Counting
• Packing
• Other System Components
• Glass Bottles
• The commonly Encountered defects
• Crown Sealing
• Hopper
• Chute
• Platform
• Throat
• Plunger
• Springs
• Compensation
• Baseplate
• Guides/Star wheels
• Common Crowner Problems
• Improper Crimping
• Off Centred Crimping
• Bottle Breakage
• Bottles Hanging on Throat
• Bottles Hanging on Platform
• Bottle Neck Crushing
• performance
• Gas Retention
• Crown
• Bottles
• Crowner
• Storage & Transportation
• Testing Variables
• Corrosion
• Information  Required
• Rusting at What Stage
• Pattern of Rusting
• Basic Concepts Risk Factors
• Humidity
• Salinity
• Acidic Ambient Conditions
• Break in Protective Films
• Dusting
• Flow of Crowns
• Quality Assurance
• Quality Assurance Scheme
• Raw Materials Inspection
• Tinplate/Tfs
• Decoration Materials Liquids
• Decoration Material Inks
• Liners
• Process Control
• Pre Squaring
• Printing
• Manufacturing
• Finish Inspection
• Parameters
• Crown Defects
• GMP
• QC at Customer’s End
• In Coming Checks
• Storage
• Process Control
• Equipment
• Post Filling Storage
• Transport of filled Bottles
• Retailer

PACKAGES OF DEHYDRATED PRODUCTS 

• Orientation
• Metallization
• Co-extrusion of multilayer films
• Stretch blow moulding
• Thermoform fill sealing
• Package forms and techniques
• Aseptic packaging
• Retortable containers
• Modified and controlled atmosphere packaging
• Skin, shrink and cling film packaging
• Micro ovenable containers
• Other package forms and components of plastics

TRADITIONAL FOOD PACKAGING

• Introduction
• Traditional food packaging technologies food systems
• Women and Food Processing
• Upgrading of Food Packaging
• Food preservation principles and their integration with food packaging
• Food Unit Operations
• Cold preservation
• heat preservation
• Fermentation preservation
• Reduction of available water
• Pickling or Curing Preservation
• Chemical preservation
• Gas environemnt control
• Combination and assorted methods
• The influence of packaging on biochemical and microbiological changes in foods
• Biochemical changes
• Microbilogical changes
• The influence of packaging on physical and chemical changes in food
• Physical changes
• Chemical changes
• Toxicity
• Trace Elements
• The influence of packaging on flavour, colour, texture, moisture and oxygen transfer in foods
• Retention or exclusionof volatile odours
• Colour and texture
• Moisture and oxygen transfer
• Prevention of ingress of moisture
• Preventionof loss of moisture
• Intermediate conditions
• A guide to the range of  foods and microorganisms on the equilibrium relative humidity scale
• Air and oxygen transfer
• Removal of oxygen
• Building up of carbon dioxide
• Gas tight packs
• The influence of packaging on the resistance of a food product to temperature changes and light damage
• Temperature
• Light
• Case studies of some traditional foods and their packaging
• Indonesla
• Sudan
• Dried fruits and vegetables
• Thailand
• Mexico
• Nigeria
• India
• The importance of food packaging in FAO programmes
• new project proposals

LINED CARTONS FOR PACKAGING OF FOOD PRODUCTS 

• Compansion between a standard lined carton and a bag in box
• Concept of lined carton packaging system
• Constituents of a lined carton packaging system
• Manufacture of lined cartons
• Sequence of Operation
• Printng
• Varnish /Lamination
• Punching
• Folding and Lining
• Carton filling and sealing machines
• Machine operation costs
• Characteristics of machines
• Sequence of operation
• Vacuum and Gas Flushing
• Cnstituents of the lined carton
• Substance of board for weight of unit pack
• Tests
• Quality parameters of board
• Performance properties of Lined cartons
• Linears
• Barrier properties of liners
• Barier metallised film poperties
• Peel bond strength of laminations
• Criteria for the selection of liners
• Versatility of lined cartons
• Flexibility
• Minimising Labour Expenses
• Products
• Easy Dispensability
• Product Package Compatibility
• Future prospects of the lined carton packaging system

PRODUCTION OF HOLLOW CONTAINERS

• General
• Fill products and dosing systems
• Package production, filling and sealing takes place in the blow mold of a compact automated machine
• The packages manufactured by this system can be recognized by their hermetic closures, which has been molded, after production of the hollow container, for the still warm upper part of the extruded parison
• Usable resins
• Process methods
• Synchronized operation with single parison extrusion
• Working process
• Structural components for the manufacture of hollow containers
• Plastic granulate or plastic powder is supplied via the hopper
• The mold unit 5-7 is moved from the extrusion station under the blow/fill set 14
• Upon extension of the fill noule out of mandrel cone, 9 the exhaust line 16 for the ballooning air used for the forming is freed
• The blow/fill set 14 retracts to the upper basic position
• Synchronized operation with central parison extrusion
• In single parison extrusion up to six parisons are technically feasible, depending on the type of plastic material used.
• The diameter of the central parison, after having been formed into an  oval by a parison clamp is slightly wider than the total width of the multicavity mold.
• In central parison extrusion, a central parison, several mold cavities wide, is extruded
• These ampoule blocks are made of extruded cental parisons
• Synchronized operation with double shuttle moulds
• With the double shuttle operation the machine output can be doubled
• Continuous operation with single parison extrusion
• Continuous operation with central parison extrusion
• Special machines for various fil products
• Packaging of explosive fill products
• Aspetic packaging of liquids
• The molded hermetic closure
• Examples for use
• The chemical industrial field is not only comprised of aggressive toxic or combustible chemicals
• Daily products, baby food and soft drinks are packed under aseptic conditions
• Only collapsible plastic packagings allow the application of infusions with giving sets.

PLASTICS PACKAG   

• Introduction
• Flexible packaging
• Thrust areas
• Retort Pouch Food Production
• Breathable films
• Multipurpose FFs  Machne
• Hayssen Snack food packaging systems
• Aseptic packaging
• Aseptic filling operation
• Factors of importance
• Aseptic transfer
• Internal storage, transport and handling
• Bulk aseptic packaging Filler
• Automatic filling
• Multilayer barrier (PET bottles
• Blow moulded industrial packaging
• Sme new trends in blow moulding
• Blow moulding foam technology (BFT)
• 3-D blow mouldng of containers
• Thin gauge form fill seal machines
• Packaging for electrostatic discharge protection
• Form, Fill And Seal (FFS) Line
• Miscellaneous
• Some uncommon sealing methods for plastics films and rigid containers
• Biodegradable plastics (films)
• Spray coated copolyester provides a moisture barrier on natural composite hot and cold cups now being introduced at fast outlets
• Biodegradable polymers enhance the properties of fresh produce and meat trays now being  thermoformed out of starch
• Recycling of tetrapack waste
• Wrap up

BLOW MOULDED PLASTIC CONTAINERS High density polyethylene blow moulded products for entrepreneurs 

• Versatile process of blow moulding
• Versatile machinery of blow moulding
• Versatile products out of blow moulding
• Major applications of blow moulded products
• Consumer goods
• Industrial
• Versatile advanages of blow moulded products
• Blow moulding machinery India
• New developments in blow moulding machinery
• New developments in blow moulds
• Blow Moulders
• Conclusion

PRINTING OF FLEXIBLE PACKAGING MATERIALS

• Printing on Films/Laminates
• Flexographic printing
• Gravure printing
• Screen printing
• Flexo  Graphic Printing
• Lithographic Printing
• Gravure Printing
• Inks and varnishes for printing of flexible packaging
• Flexographic Inks
• Gravure inks
• Water Based ink systems
• Print Evaluation

PLANT ECONOMICS OF AIR BUBBLE PACKAGING FILM

• Plant and Machinery
• Fixed Capital
• Raw Materials
• Total Working Capital/Month
• Total Capital Investment
• Turn Over/Annum

PLANT ECONOMICS OF ALUMINIUM BEVERAGE CANS

• Plant and Machinery
• Fixed Capital
• Raw Materials
• Total Working Capital/Month
• Total Capital Investment
• Turn Over/Annum

PLANT ECONOMICS OF ALUMINIUM FOIL CUTTING AND ROLL MAKING 

• Plant and Machinery
• Fixed Capital
• Raw Materials
• Total Working Capital/Month
• Total Capital Investment
• Turn Over/Annum

PLANT ECONOMICS OF BRAKE OIL, COOLANT AND PACKING OF LUBE OIL AND GREASES

• Plant and Machinery
• Fixed Capital
• Raw Materials
• Total Working Capital/Month
• Total Capital Investment
• Turn Over/Annum

 PLANT ECONOMICS OF CARTON FOR DISTILLERY

• Plant and Machinery
• Fixed Capital
• Raw Materials
• Total Working Capital/Month
• Total Capital Investment
• Turn Over/Annum

PLANT ECONOMICS OF CORRUGATED BOXES (AUTOMATIC PLANT)

• Plant and Machinery
• Fixed Capital
• Raw Materials
• Total Working Capital/Month
• Total Capital Investment
• Turn Over/Annum

PLANT ECONOMICS OF COSMETICS AND PLASTICS  PACKAGING MATERIALS MANUFACTURING 

• Plant and Machinery
• Fixed Capital
• Raw Materials
• Total Working Capital/Month
• Total Capital Investment
• Turn Over/Annum

PLANT ECONOMICS OF DISPOSABLE PLASTIC CUPS, GLASS ETC

• Plant and Machinery
• Fixed Capital
• Raw Materials
• Total Working Capital/Month
• Total Capital Investment
• Turn Over/Annum

PLANT ECONOMICS OF FLEXIBLE PACKAGING AND ROTOGRAVURE PRINTING

• Plant and Machinery
• Fixed Capital
• Raw Materials
• Total Working Capital/Month
• Total Capital Investment
• Turn Over/Annum

PLANT ECONOMICS OF FOLDING CARTONS/MONO CARTONS

• Plant and Machinery
• Fixed Capital
• Raw Materials
• Total Working Capital/Month
• Total Capital Investment
• Turn Over/Annum

PLANT ECONOMICS OF FOOD PACKAGING INDUSTRY

• Plant and Machinery
• Fixed Capital
• Raw Materials
• Total Working Capital/Month
• Total Capital Investment
• Turn Over/Annum

PLANT ECONOMICS OF JUTE BAGS AND PACKAGING PRODUCTS 

• Plant and Machinery
• Fixed Capital
• Raw Materials
• Total Working Capital/Month
• Total Capital Investment
• Turn Over/Annum

PLANT ECONOMICS OF MONO CARTONS WITH PRINTING 

• Plant and Machinery
• Fixed Capital
• Raw Materials
• Total Working Capital/Month
• Total Capital Investment
• Turn Over/Annum

PLANT ECONOMICS OF PACCKAGED COCONUT WATER (COCO JAL)

• Plant and Machinery
• Fixed Capital
• Raw Materials
• Total Working Capital/Month
• Total Capital Investment
• Turn Over/Annum

PLANT ECONOMICS OF PACKAGED DRINKING WATER 

• Plant and Machinery
• Fixed Capital
• Raw Materials
• Total Working Capital/Month
• Total Capital Investment
• Turn Over/Annum

PLANT ECONOMICS OF PAPER PACKAGING 

• Plant and Machinery
• Fixed Capital
• Raw Materials
• Total Working Capital/Month
• Total Capital Investment
• Turn Over/Annum

PROJECT PROFILE  OF PILFER PROOF CAPS 

• Plant and Machinery
• Fixed Capital
• Raw Materials
• Total Working Capital/Month
• Total Capital Investment
• Turn Over/Annum

PROJECT PROFILE  OF POLY PACKS OF POLYETHENE FILM 

• Plant and Machinery
• Fixed Capital
• Raw Materials
• Total Working Capital/Month
• Total Capital Investment
• Turn Over/Annum

PROJECT PROFILE  OF POUCHES FILLING AND PACKAGING OF EDIBLE OIL & GHEE 

• Plant and Machinery
• Fixed Capital
• Raw Materials
• Total Working Capital/Month
• Total Capital Investment
• Turn Over/Annum

PROJECT PROFILE  OF PRINTED TIN CONTAINERS 

• Plant and Machinery
• Fixed Capital
• Raw Materials
• Total Working Capital/Month
• Total Capital Investment
• Turn Over/Annum

PROJECT PROFILE  OF PROCESSING AND RETAIL PACKING OF FOOD GRAIN PULSES, SPICES ETC.

• Plant and Machinery
• Fixed Capital
• Raw Materials
• Total Working Capital/Month
• Total Capital Investment
• Turn Over/Annum

PROJECT PROFILE  OF RICE POLISHING AND PACKING

• Plant and Machinery
• Fixed Capital
• Raw Materials
• Total Working Capital/Month
• Total Capital Investment
• Turn Over/Annum

PROJECT PROFILE  OF SUGAR CANE JUICE IN TETRAPACK

• Plant and Machinery
• Fixed Capital
• Raw Materials
• Total Working Capital/Month
• Total Capital Investment
• Turn Over/Annum

PROJECT PROFILE  OF  TEA PACKAGING 

• Plant and Machinery
• Fixed Capital
• Raw Materials
• Total Working Capital/Month
• Total Capital Investment
• Turn Over/Annum

PROJECT PROFILE  OF THERMOCOLE BASED DISPOSABLE PLATES, CUPS AND GLASSES

• Plant and Machinery
• Fixed Capital
• Raw Materials
• Total Working Capital/Month
• Total Capital Investment
• Turn Over/Annum

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ROLE OF PREPRESS

Prepress workflows
Preflight checking
Outline of prepress workflow-traditional and electronic
Design brief sketch/visual
Text writing and editing
Photography
Production layout
Graphic design
Typesetting
Traditional reproduction
Electronic reproduction
Receipt, distribution and storage of digital data
Memory and storage
Removable media
Hard drives
Data back-up procedures
Desktop computers
AppleMacs
PCs
Sun Microsystems and Silicon Graphics

TYPOGRAPHY

Composition Sizes
Dispaly Sizes
Sizes of type
Type founts (or fonts)
Type characters
Typefaces
The set of a typeface
Page widths and depths
Recognition of typefaces
Length of ascenders, descenders and x-height
Serifs
Width of the various letters
General weight and colour of the typeface
Design of the letters
Proof Correction and Standards
Capturing keystrokes
Proof reading
Proof correction marks
Fonts end working with fonts
PostScript Type 1 and True Type fonts
Copyright and font licensing issues
Transferring fonts and work electronically party
Font manipulation software

TEXT HANDLING

Text input methods
Direct keying
Manipulation and conversion of text data from one system to another
Conversion and transference of text data
Optical Character Recognition(OCR)
Automatic Voice Recognition (AVR)
Text transferring through telecommunications
Modern
ISDN
Software programs
Text capture and basic graphics
Formatting text
Style sheets
Vector and bitmap text and graphics creation
Page description languages and postscript
Open systems, networks and network protocois, client/server principles
Open systems
Networks and network protocols
Client server principles
Small Computer Systems Interface (SCSI)
PC to Mac and Mac to PC conversions/cross platform compatibility
Hardware option
Software option
File exchange
Virus protection

IMAGES AND GRAPHICS HANDLING

Images/graphics generation and manipulation
The traditional route
The desktop/digital route
Hardware
Software
Periphery/external sources
Originals
Monochrome line originals
Colour line originals
Continuous tone originals
Reproduction of line and continuous tone
Halftone screen
Reproducing the original
Graphic arts cameras
Contact screens
Dot patterns
Screen frequencies/rulings
Monochrome scanners
Photographic film and other light sensitive materials
Orthochromatic film
Lith film
Rapid access film
Third generation film and daylight operated film
Fourth generation film
Film processors
Development of dry film processing
Principles of colour
Colour as a wavelength
The human perception of colour
The properties of colour
Colour models
Colour management systems
Colour reproduction
Additive synthesis
Subtractive synthesis
Process colour separations
Electronic colour scanners
Drum-or rotary based colour scanners
Flatbed scanners
Scanning mechanism
Flatbed scanners
Colour reproduction properties of process printing inks
Colour printing
UCR (undercolour removal) and other means of colour adjustment
Extended UCR
Creating and processing digital images
Graphics generation and manipulation software programs
Object orientated/vector form programs
Bitmap form programs
Image editing and manipulation software programs
Digital cameras
Kodak Photo CD
Image and data libraries
Clip art
Photographic and online image libraries
Trapping, spreads and chokes
New screening developments
Halftone reproduction
Grey levels
Input/scanning resolution
Output screen frequency/ruling
Output resolution
Pixel or bit depth
Dpi and Lpi
File formats
Data/file compression
Open Prepress Interface (OPI)

MAKE-UP,PLANNING AND ASSEMBLY

Desktop/digital systems
EPC systems
Desktop publishing systems
DTP page make up software
Brief overview of PageMaker DTP package
Brief overview of QuarkXPress DTP package
Corel Ventura
Extensions, and ons, plug ins
Traditional systems
Paper make up, planning and assembly
Preparing layouts or laydown sheets
Mixed media

WORKING AND IMPOSITION METHODS

Methods of working considerations
Imposition
Multiple image printing
SheeT-fed presses
Half sheet work
Work and turn
Work and tumble
Sheet work
Choosing the method of working
Hot plans
Insetted and gathered forms  of binding sections
Gathered sections
Web fed presses
Large width web fed presses
Narrow width web fed presses
Designers/publishers spreads and printers spreads
Electronic imposition
Margin allowances in imposition

PROOFING, PRINT SPECIFICATIONS AND STANDARDISATION

Proofing
Monochrome/spot colour proofs
Digital route
Traditional route
Overlay film proofs
Colour proofs
Digital colour proofing systems
Dye sublimation
Colour laser
Dry laser technology
Thermal wax/thermal transfer
Inkjet printers
Drop on demand
Continuous flow
Solid inkjet printers
Two in one digital proofing systems
Soft proofs
Conventional colour proofing systems
Photomechanical proofs
Toner based
Coloured foil based
Wet proofs
Presentation of proofs
Proofing, it must be remembered, is a means to an end, not an end in itself.
Print specifications and standardisation
Colour Control bars or strips
Digital Cromalin control strip
Analogue Cromalin control strip
Dot gain
Colour profiles and calibration

OUTPUT MEDIA AND PREPARATION OF PRINTING SURFACES

Phototypesetters
Imagesetters
RIPs
Imagesetters
On line processors
Laser printers
Print engine
Dot scanners
Mixed media
Mixed media output systems
Preparing printing surface
Lithographic platemaking
Printing down and plate processing
Plate baking
Step and repeat machines
Projection platemaking systems
Direct to plate systems
Artwork to plate using a camera system, or other form of analogue exposure
Imagesetter, laser printer to plate or specialist plastesetter/platemaster
Computer to plate systems
Silver halide metal
Hybrid
Photopolymer
Thermal
Letterpress blocks and plates
Photopolymer plates
Flexographic printing plates
Rubber
Engraved/hand cut rubber stereos
Moulded rubber plates
Photopolymer plates
Computer to plate relief photopolymer systems
Laser engraved plate or roller
Platesetters
Gravure cylinder preparation
Etching
Electronic engraving
Film generated (analogue) engraving
Digitally generated engraving
Screen stencil production
Screen meshes
Screen frames
Screen stencils
Hand cut stencils
Photomechanical stencils
Electronically generated stencils
Electronically cut  stencils
Computer to screen inkjet system

COMPUTER TO PRINT

Preflight checking of files
Electronic/digital printing
Computer to plate (CTP)
Electronic/digital printing systems
Digital copier/printer systems
Xerox DocuTech Production Publisher
Xerox DocuPrint
Xerox Docutech
Kodak Image Source
Kodak 1565 copier/printer
Micropress
Xerox DocuColor
Variable information/data black and white printing systems
Nipson Vary press
Nipson
Oce Pagestream
IBM InfoPrint
Domino Jet Array
Computer to print systems
Indigo E-Print 1000
Agfa Chromapress
IBM InfoColor
Xeikon DCP/32D
Xerox Docucolor
Wide format digital colour printing  systems
Colour Span Europe DisplayMaker
Hewlett Packard DesignJet
Raster Graphics
Digital imaging printing systems
Computer to press systems
Heidelberg Quickmaster
Future developments in high quality digital printing presses
Omni Adast Dominant
Goss ADoPT (Advanced Digital Offset Printing Technologies  Concept Press
KBA Planeta and Scitex
Adobe Acrobat and PDF
The Internet
World Wide Web
HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)
SGML (Standard Generalised Markup Language)
Electronic mail (e-mail)
MISs(Management Information Systemns)

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Identification of Plant /Process/Machinery and Equipment, Industrial General Guidance for setting up new industrial
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Existing Small or Medium Scale Industrialists facing competition from large houses
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PACKAGING A TOTAL CONCEPT

Definition
Packaging Criteria
Appearance
Protection
Function
Cost
Disposability
Recycling
Non Packaging applications
Conclusion
The Concepts for Packaging

SYSTEMS APPROACH TO PACKAGING

What is packaging
Functions of a package
Primary
Secondary
Types of Packages
Guidelines for Retail Packages
Guidelines for Shipping Containers
Factors Influencing Design/Selection of Package
Product Factors
Kinds of Product
Physical Properties/Characteristics
Vulnerabilities of Contents
Distribution Factors
Marketing Factors
Statute and Regulations
Packaging Operation Factors
Cost Factors

TEST PROCEDURE FOR PACKAGING MATERIALS & PACKAGING PRODUCTS

Introduction
Conditioning of Test Specimen
Physical Tests
Rigidity, Stiffness & Softness
Exudation Test (Staining Test)
Abrasion Loss (Scuff resistance)
Waterproofness
Water penetration
Water Absorptiveness of Paperboard (Cobb Test)
Procedure
Water Vapour Transmission
Water Vapour Permeance
Water Vapour Permeability
Grease Resistance
Chemical Tests
Measure of pH
Estimation of Solvent soluble Matter
Bio-Chemical Test
Procedure
General

TESTING METHODS FOREVALUATION OF TRANSPORT PACKAGES

Functional Requirements
Transit Packaging
Mechanical Tests
Drop Test
Vibration Test
Compression Test (Contour Test)
Rolling Test
Drum Test
Climatic Tests
Rain Test
Sand and Dust Tests
Salt spray test
Fungus Resistance Tests

STANDARDS BASIC CONCEPTS, PACKAGING MATERIALS, RIGID AND ANCILLARY MATERIALS

AND EXPORT PACKAGING

Standardization
BIS Work
Aspects of Standards
Standard Space Diagram
Levels of Standard
Functions of Standards
Advantages of Standardization
Set up of BIS
General
Procedure for Formulation of Standards
International Standards

PRINTING

General Description of Printing
Basic Printing Technology
Platemaking processes
Letterpress
Intaglio
Offset Plate
Printing Processes
Platen Press
Cylindrical Press
Rotary Press
Direct and Indirect Printing
Direct Printing
Indirect Printing
Comparison of Printing Processes
Flexographic Printing
Offset Printing
Gravure Printing
Platemaking
Running Plate
Flexo Plate
Gravure Engraving
Plate Rotogravure
Cylinder
Shaft Mounted Cylinder
Sleeve Type Cylinder
Electroplating
Electronic Photograving
Offset Plate
Photoengraving Process
Classification of Originals
Colour Film
Three Primary Colours
Screen
Printing Ink
Kinds of Printing Ink
Composition of Printing Ink
Printing Machines
Flexo Printer
Offset Printer
Web-Fed Rotogravure Printer
Printing Material and Printing Suitability
Printing on Corrugated Fibreboard
Printing on Folding Cartons
Printing on Flexible Packages
Printing on Metal Surfaces
Printing on Metal Plates
Curved Surface Printing on Metal Containers
Printing on Plastic Bottles
Packaging and Printing

SURFACE DESIGN AND SALES APPEAL

Scope and Purpose of a Package
New Functions of the Package
Objectives of Package Design
Recent Trends in Package Designing
Linking Package Design with Advertising
Guiding Principles for Package Designer
Elements of Good Design
Shape of the package
Influence of Colour on Sales
Pictures on the Package
Brand Name and Trade Mark
Creating a House Style
Typographical Treatments
Fitness to Printing Process
Impact of Supermarket on Surface Design

GRAPHIC/SURFACE DESIGN

The Responsibilities
The Creation
The Formula
The Brand
The Illustration
The Text
The Colours
The Testing

ECO FRIENDLY PACKAGING FOR EXPORTS

Suggestion/Recommendations
Avoidence
Reduction
Reusability
Recyclability
Incineration
Land fill

EXPORT PACKAGING

Do’s and Don’ts

SPECIALITY PAPER FOR PACKAGING

Tissue Papers
Printing Paper
High Gloss Papers
Cover Papers
Glassine and Grease Proof Papers
Waxed Paper
Water Proof Papers
Parchment Paper
Functional Papers
Functional Papers
Wet Strength Papers
Mould Resistant Papers
VPI Papers
Laminations

FOLDING BOARD CARTONS AND COATED CARTONS

Introduction
Relevant Properties of Paper/Board forCarton Manufacture
Type of Paper/Board
Grammage
Caliper
Bursting Strength
Shade
Grain Direction
Folding
Moisture Content
Stiffness
Manufacturing Process Sheeting Cutting Trimming  of Board
Lamination
Pre-Printing Process
Printing
Text
Coating/Surface Lamination
Suface Lamination
Die Punching
Make-Ready
Insepction
Stripping, Prefolding and Gluing
Insepection
Finishing, Insepction and Despatch
Developments in Folding Carton Design and Process
Cad Systems for Carton Design, Plate Making and Laser Die cutting
Printing
Offset Printing
Computer Controlled Inking
Damping
Coating and Varnishing
Die cutting Machinery
Waste Seperation and Make Ready Equipment
Gluing Machinery
Collectors
Pre-Feeders
Stack Turner
Automatized Make Ready
Quality Control

CORRUGATED BARD

Outline
The Material
Components of Corrugated Board
Liners
Fluting
Adhesive
Board Manufacture
Box Manufacture
The Joint
Box Styles
Box Dimensions Refer to Internal Dimensions Only
Printing
Closing the Box
Box Design
Flute Selection
Some Other Important Considerations
Recent Developments

MULTI WALL PAPER SACKS

Manufacture
Advantages and uses
Situation in India
Early years
New Requirements for Paper Sacks
Reasons for Slow Development
High Cost of Paper
Paper Sacks for Cement
Paper Sacks for Tea

PLASTICS

Distinction Between Plastics, Fibres and Elastomers
Synthesis of Plastics
Classification of Synthetic Polymers
Techniques of Polymerization
Techniques of Polymerization
Processing of Plastics
Compression Moulding
Injection Moulding
Extrusion
Blow Moulding
Vacuum Forming of Sheet
Straight Vacuum Forming
Drape Forming
Plug Assist Forming
Matched Die Forming

PVC IN PACKAGING

Introduction
Films/Sheets
Applications of PVC Films
Bottles
Conclusion

BIAXIALLY ORIENTED POLYPROPYLENE FILMS

Process of Manufacture
Basic Categories of Film
Yields
Tensile Strength
Elongation at Break
Propensity to Absorb Moisture
Moisture Vapour Transmission Rate (MVTR)
Heat Sealability
Transparency and Gloss
Tear Strength
Applications
Conversion

PLASTIC WOVEN SACKS

Introduction
Plastic Woven Sack Materials
High Density Polyethylene (HDPE)
Polypropylene (PP)
Method of Making Woven Sacks
Flexible Intermediate Bulk Containers (FIBC)
Construction of FIBC
Use of Woven Sacks/FIBC

EXPANDED POLYSTYRENE

Properties of EPS
Biological Properties
Other Properties
Other Properties
Physical Properties
Basic Classification of Cushioning Materials
Advantages of EPS Packaging
Forms of EPS in Packaging
Applications of EPS

EXPANDED POLYETHYLENE

Material
Expanded Polyethylene Properties
Resilience
Compression Set
Rate of Recovery
Cushion Factor
Creep
Damping
Corrosion
Hygroscopicity
Micro-Biological Effect
Dusting
Abrasive Characteristics
Performance at Low Temperature
Density
Chemical Resistance
Applications
Extremely Fragile
Very Delicate
Delicate
Moderately Delicate
Rugged
Vibration
Other Packaging Applications

FLEXIBLE PACKAGING LAMINATES & COATING APPLICATION

Slection of A Laminate
Chemical
Resistance to Grease and Oils (Grease barrier) Performance
Converting Characteristics
Detailed Questionnaire for Design of Laminates
Comparison of Barrier Properties of Some Common Flexible Materials
Laminates Foil Bearing Structures
Aluminium foil Laminates for Food Packaging (Currently Popular in India)
Waxed Wrappers
Toffee Wrappers
Food Ovenwraps
Boil in Bag Pouches
Instant Coffee Pounch
Soft Drink Concentrates
Adhesive for Laminating  Aluminium Foil
Refort Pouches
Advantages of Retort Pouch
Disaster Relief Packages
M.R.E. Package: (Meals Ready to Eat)
Snack Food Packaging
Corn Chips
Cross Laminated Film
Modified Atmosphere Packaging
Fresh Red Meat
Cooked Meat
Fish
Coating Packaging Materials
Common Coating Materials
Coating/Resins/Adhesives
Some Useful Questions
Cold Seal Adhesive for Flexible Packaging
Hot Melt Adhesives
Composition of Various Hot Melts and The Relationship Between Hot Melt Chemistry and Physical

Properties
Hot melt Chemistry and Physical Properties

LAMINATED TUBES

Introduction
The Product
The Manufacturing Process
Shoulder Profection
Insert
Rondelle
Pilfer Evident Closures
Special Tubes
Filling and Sealing
High Frequency (HF)
Ultrasonic
Hot Air Sealing
Hot Jaw Sealing
Market

CO-EXTRUSION

Cast  Film Co-Extrusion
Blow Film Co-Extrusion
General Co-extrusion Problems
Cast Film
Raw Material
Support Materials
Bonding Agents
Barrier Material
Application of Co-Extruded Film
Application of Multilayer Films

SHRINK AND STRETCH WRAPPING

Shrink Packaging
Why Use a Shrink  Wrap System
Stretch Wrapping
Pilfer Proof Packs
Pallet Stretch Wrapping

PACKAGING IN GLASS CONTAINERS

Properties of Glass
Composition
Types of Glass
Manufacture with Automatic Machine
Application
Machines and Equipment
Advantages of Glass Packaging
Standards
Testing
Annealing
Thermal Shock Test
Pressure
Impact Testing
Density Test
Gauging
Chemical Methods of Testing

ALUMINIUM FOIL

What is Aluminium Foil
Manufacture of Aluminium Foil
Plain Foil Main Quality Parameters
Properties of Aluminium Foil
Comparison of Barrier Properties of Some Common Flexible Materials
Comparison of Transmission rates for various  Flexible Packaging Materials
Advantages in Use of Aluminium Foil in Strip Packaging of Pharmaceuticals
Applications and Uses  in Packaging
Laminates
Foil/Film Laminates and Extrusions
Laminating Processes
Adhesives Used in Foil/Film Lamination
Coating on Aluminium Foil
Aluminium AN Energy Store
Some Aluminium Foil Products and Their Uses
New Applications
Conclusion
Collapsible Tubes
Advantages of Aluminium Collapsible Tubes
Major Uses of Collapsible Tubes
Industrial Products
Cosmetics and Toiletries
Food Products
Household items
Pharmaceuticals
Availability of Collapsible Tubes
Filling Equipment
Quality Control Measures Collapsible Tubes
How to Order Collapsible Tubes
Major Uses of Rigid Cans and Containers
Most Common Sizes Rigid Cans and Containers

MANUFACTURE OF BLACK PLATE AND TIN PLATE

Introduction
Production of Black Plate
Steel Production
Other Methods of steel Production
Continuous Casting Method
Rolling Strip
Black Plate Specifications
Production of Tin Plate
Surface Preparation
Hot Dip Tinning
Electrolytic Tinning
Post Treatment
Advantages of Electrolytic Tinning

G.I. DRUMS OIL DRUMS CLOSURES

Introduction
Capacity
Type of Drums
Fixed Head Drums
Removable Head Drums (open Top)
Internally Lined Drums
Composite Drums
Glvanised Drums
Standardisation of Metal Container
Selection of Drums
New or Reconditioned Drums
Handling and Transport
Physical and Chemical Properties
Manufacture or body or shell
Manufacture of Ends
Assembly of Barrel
Reconditioning Industry
Quality Control
Closures
Introduction
Screwed Closures
Neck and seal Closure
Lever Lid Closure
Note on Screwed Closure
Flange
Bung
Washer
Sealing Ring
Cap Seal
Essential Functions of Closures
Optional
Recent Development in Drums
Light weight Drums
Conical Drums
Lithographed Drums
Composite Drums
Fibre Drums

ADHESIVE TAPES

Introduction
Properties and Application Areas
Important Terms in Pressure Sensitive Tapes
Adhesives Used with Tapes
Silicone Based Adhesives
Drying After Coating

WOODEN CONTAINERS

Classification of Timber
Moisture in Timber
Effect of Moisture on the Properties of Wood
Seasoning of Wood
Physical and Mechanical Properties of Timber
Physical
Mechanical Properties
Defects in Timber
Natural Defects
Knots
Cross Grain
Seasoning Defects
Preservation of Timber
Methods of Preservation of Timber
Form and Size of Each Component
Thickness of Components
Size and Spacing of Nails
Cement Coated Nails
Barbed Nails
Number of Planks in a shook
Type of Joints
Style of container
Reinforcements
Workmanship
consideration for a Design of the Box
Easy Load
Average Load
Difficult Load
Grouping of Indian Timbers
Plywood Boxes Battened Construction
Timber Species Suitable for the Manufacture of Packing Cases

SYSTEMS PACKAGING

What is system packaging
System Packaging as cost  saving Method
Types of System Packaging
Indian Scene
Selection of Appropriate System
Salient Features of Different Types of Systems
Lined Carton System
Coated and laminated carton system
Stand up Pouches
Form Fill Seal (FFS) System
Vacuum Thermoforming System

ASEPTIC PACKAGING

What is Aseptic Processing & Packaging
Aseptic
Aseptic System
Aseptic Processing System
Aseptic Filling & Packaging System
Aseptic Zone
Aseptic Processing System
Aseptic Processing and Packaging
Characterstics of Specific Elements
Flow Control
Heat Transfer (Heating/Cooling)
Direct Heating /Cooling
Indirect Heating /Cooling
Holding Tubes
Deaerator
Aseptic Surge Tank
Automatic Flow Diversion
Aseptic Filling and Packaging Systems
General Requirements
Sterilisation Agents
Heat
Chemicals
Radiation
Classification of Aseptic Packaging Systems

VACUUM PACKAGING

Gas Packaging
Methods
V.P.
Gas Packaging
Mechanical Air Replacement
Gas Flushing
Compensated Vacuum
Passive Atmosphere Modifications
Active Packaging
Methods
V.P.
Gas Packaging
Mechanical Air Replacement
Gas Flushing
Compensated Vacuum
Passive Atmosphere Modifications
Active Packaging
Oxygen  Absorbents
Carbon Dioxide
Absorbents/Emitters
Ethylene Absorbents
Ethanol Vapour Generators
V.P. Machinery
Nozzle Vacuumizing
Chamber Vacuumizing

STRIP PACKAGING

A Well Designed Machine
The Roller Mounting Shafts
The Shaft Suspension Systems
The Reference  Shaft Suspension system and its important features
The Adjustable Shaft Suspension system and its important features
Moulding of the suspension system to the body of  the Machine
Opening skill
Selection and qualities of the film material
Choice of Film Materials
Strip Pack Designing
Speed of a Machine
Dwell Time

AEROSOL PACKAGING TECHNOLOGY

Introduction
Working Principle of Aerosol
Pack Contents (Product and Propellant)
Aerosol Cans
Aerosol Valve
Methods of Filling Aerosol Containers
Market in India
Growth Potential
Legislation
Flammability
Developments
New Products
Alternative Propellants
Cans
Valves

FORM FILL SEAL MACHINE (SYSTEMS)

Vertical Form fill seal Machines
Filters
Horizontal Bag Machines
Pouch Types
Filling Operation
Pouch Material
Choice of Materials
Pouch & Bag Structures
Conclusion

LABELS AND LABELLING

Definition
Purpose of Labels
Types of Labels
Plain Paper Labels
Pre -Gummed Paper Labels
Thermoplastic Paper Labels
Pressure Sensitive Labels
Swing Labels Tie on Tags
Paper
Adhesives
Labelling Machinery
Regulations
End use and importance of Labels
Labels for freight containers
Information
Position
Language
Marking and Labelling
Indentification Marks
Dangerous Cargo
Method and Type of Marking
Recommended Size
Colour
Positioning
General
References

THERMOFORMING IN PACKAGING

Skin and Blister
Packaging
Skin Packaging
Blister Packaging
Packaging Essentials
Constituent  MaterialsProperties
Typical Thermoformed Packaging
Shrink Wrapping

PACKAGING OF HORTICULTURAL CROPS

Main Causes of Deterioration
Role of Ethylene
Degreening of Citrus
Ethylene Effects on Quality
Effect of Ethylene on Watermeton Quality
C2H2 Pollution Sources
Avoiding Exposure to Ethylene
Precooling

PACKAGING OF MEAT, FISH & POULTRY

PACKAGING OF DAIRY PRODUCTS

Requirements of Package
Design of a Pack
Primary Packaging Materials
Secondary Packaging Materials
Packaging Material and The Diary Industry
Milk Powder
Liquid Milk
Butter
Cheese/Cheese Spread
Bread Spread
Ghee
Chocolates Aluminium Foil
Indegenous Milk Products
Ice Cream
Present Scenario

PACKAGING OF BISCUITS, BREAD AND CONFECTIONERY

Primary Barrier
Cushioning/Shape
Protective Wrapper
Decorative Wrapper
Bread
Confectionery

FOOD PRODUCTS PROCESSED AND DEHYDRATED

Objectives of Food Processing
Preservation and Stabilization of Perishable Foods
Manufacture of Pure Products and their  Derivatives
Creation of New Foods
Methods of Food Processing
Thermal Processing
Cold Storage and Freezing
Dehydration
Sun Drying
Artificial Drying
Chemical Preservation
Biological Food Processing (Fermentation)
Effect of Processing on the Nutritive Value of Foods
Food Packaging
Metal Containters
Glass  Containers
Plastic Materials
Paper

PACKAGING OF FRUIT JUICES

Objectives
Phalsa Juice
Plum Pulp
Recommendations

PACKAGING OF READY TO EAT FOODS

Ready to Serve (RTS) and Ready to Eat (RTE) Food
Intermediate Food Items
Instant Mixes and Premixes
Moisture
Low Moisture Foods
Medium Moisture Foods
High Moisture Foods
Oxygen/Air Permeability
Nitrogen Permeability
Grease and fat Barrier Properties
Light Sensitivity
Processing Parameters and Special Packaging requirement of RTE Foods
Conceal the Crumbs
Storage Stability of Potato Wafers Vis-a-Vis Packaging
Most Commonly Used Packaging Materials for such Snacks are
Canned Foods
Retort Pouch Packed RTE Foods
Advantage of Retort Pouch
Aseptically Packed RTE Foods

PACKAGING OF PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS ORALS

Rigid and Semi Rigid Containers
Class  Containers
Aluminium Tube/Tinplate Containers
Plastic Containers
Permeability of the Plastic Materials
Extraction of Plastic  Components by the Packed Materials
Sorption of Active Agents by the Plastic Material
Translucency of Plastic Materials
Damage to Plastic Container During Storage
Flexible  Packaging Materials
Paper
Cellulosic Films
Aluminium Foil
Selection of the Material for ideal strip pack
Advantage of strip packing
Blister Pack
Auxillary Packaging
Materials
Space Fillers
Closures
Cartons
Bulk Packing
Marketing
Printing of Batch Number and Other Particulars on Strips

PACKAGING OF PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS INJECTABLES

Single Dose Injections
Multiple Dose Injections
Transfusions
Materials Used
Glass
Rubber
Plastics
Aluminium
Paper and Board
Conclusion

PACKAGING OF COSMETIC PRODUCTS

Air
Light
Heat
Cold
Cosmetic Packaging Materials

PACKAGING OF SOAPS & DETERGENTS

What is Soap
What is Detergents ?
Why Detergents ?
What is Dirt ?
How Soaps and Detergent work ?
Desired Attributes of a Soap
Desired Attributes of a Detergent
Specific Attributres that packaging Must Satisfy
Forms of Soap Packaging
Forms of Detergents
Bar Packaging
Forms of Detergent
Powder Packaging
Forms of Detergent Liquid Packaging
Envelop Wrapping
Merits
Demerits
Flow wrapping
Merits
Demerits
Carton
Merits
Demerits
Cling/Pleat Wrapping
Merits
Demerits
Flexible Pouches (Laminated)
Merits
Demerits
Bottles
Merits
Demerits
Packaging Material for Soaps
Packaging Materials for Detergent Bars
Packaging for Detergent Powders/Liquids
Primary Packaging Outers
Packaging Machines Used
Future Trends Anticipated Packaging Option

PACKAGING  OF HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS

Hazardous Chemicals
Requisites for Packaging Materials
Common Packages for Hazardous Chemicals
Packaging Hazardous Chemicals

PACKAGING OF FERTILIZERS

Packaging Materials
Jute Bags
Multiwall Paper Sack
Combination Materials from Paper, Polyethylene Jute and Bitumen
Cotton Fabric Laminated with Polyethylene
PVC Sack
Low Density Polyethylene Sack
Low Density Polyethylene Woven Sack
High Density Polyethylen Woven Sack
Polypropylene Woven Sack
Lamination vs. Loose Liner
Recent Developments

PACKAGING AND PESTICIDES INDUSTRY

Formulation Types
Major Features
Packaging
Major Factors Governing the Selection of Packaging Materials and Packages
Chemical Compatibility
Requirements of  Transport and Storage
Requirements of Market and End Use
Ecnomics
Legal Obligations
MOC of Packaging Materials

PACKAGING OF HANDICRAFTS FOR EXPORT

Comparative Properties of Puffed Rice and Expanded Polystyrene Beads

PACKAGING OF TEXTILES

Introduction
Difference items of Textiles Requiring Packaging
Need for Packaging of Textiles
Different items of Packaging Used in Textiles
Different Styles of Packaging
Modes of Packaging in Different Types
Packaging of Textiles

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Our most up-to-date and Technologically Advanced Industrial Project Reports, categorized with respect to
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COMPOSING THE TYPE

How to Set Foundry Type
Select the type
Adjust the composing Stick  To the desired Measure
Cut Leads and Slugs  to Length
Set the Type
Prepare A Reproduction Proof
Machine set Hot Type
How to Prepare A Reproduction Proof
Dump the type
Space out the form
Tie up the form Proof the type for ErrorsPull the Reproduction Proof
Distributed The Type
Cold Type Composition
Hand Assembling Preprinted Letters
How to Set Dry Transfer Type
Position the first letter
Transfer the first letter
Transfer the Remaining Letters
Make Corrections as Required
Burnish The Type
Protect the copy
How to set Pressure Sensitive type
How to set type from Paper type pads
Assemble Characters in the composing stick
Remove type from the composing stick
Trim type to size
Typing with a Typewriter
Phototypesetting
How to set type with a strip printer
Insert a filmstrip
Expose the first character
Expose the remaining characters
Process the film or Paper
How to set type  with a Headliner
Position the type Master and set the controls
Set the type

DESKTOP PUBLISHING (SOFTWARE)

What is DTP
An Unusual application
It is Possible with desktop publishing
At the Press of A Button
And within A Few Minutes 800 Catalogue Pages
Problems Exist with Hardware too
How this Book Was Created
Printing up to Now
Layout Planning by The Designer
The Typesetting Studio Recreates the Text
The Galley Proofs Are Corrected By the Author
The Author Has to shorten texts which are too long
Imposition Planning
Final Control By Author
Any Other Requests
The Litho is created
Printing Preparation
Printing Today with DTP
DTP simple
What Does a DTP Process Look Like
Creation of Text
Obtaining Pictures
Layout
Sample Print
Inexpensive Printing
Professional Printing
The Advantage
Comparison of the conventional system with DTP

THE POSTSCRIPT LANGUAGE

Image
The Printer Driver
Postscript Errors
Postscript Limitations

PROOF READING

PRE-PRESS PROCESSES

Computer Generated Screens

CAMERA

Process Cameras
Camera Size
Camera Optics
Choice of Camera Type
Vertical Cameras
Horizontal Cameras
State of the Art Cameras
Contact Exposure Facility
Vacuum Contact Frame
Contact Exposure System
Exposure Control Systems
Image Distortion
Lith Developers
Chemical Mixing
Colour Electronic prepress  systems
Computer Aided Design (CAD)
Image Capture Systems
Image Assembly and Image Manipulation Systems
Rules or Borders
Illustrative Copy
Continuous Tone Copy
Photograph and Illustration
Combination Copy, Continuous Tone & Line
Mechanical Copy Assembly
Image Assembly for Reproduction
Stripping Substrates

PHOTOGRAPHING LINE & CONTINUOUS TONE COPY

Steps to Expose A Line Negative
Photographing Colored copy
Screen Color
Negative & Positive Screens
Screen Rulings
Dot Shape
Special Effect Screens
Halftone Negative
Half Tone Exposures
Filter Factors
Steps to Process Line & Halftone Negatives
Prepare the chemicals
Prepare The Darkroom
Develop the Negative
Stop The Action of The Developer
Fix the Film
Wash The Film
Dry the Film
Machine Processing of Lines & Halftone Negatives
Advantages of Machine Processing
Contact Printing
Contacting Equipment
Stripping & Proofing Flat
Etching & Opaquing
Stripping Positive Flats
Stripping Halftones
Registration Techniques
Step & Repeat Flats

SCANNING

Scanner Resolution
Sharpness
White Point Adjustment
Black Point Adjustment Gradation
Colour Adjustments Preparation
Scanner Workflow

OFFSET  PLATE MAKING

Plate & Platemaking
Graining
Anodizing
Coating
Prepare A Presensitized Plate
Desensitize
Lacquer
Wash
Develop
Squeeze
Wash
Finish
Print or Gum The Plate
Negatives
Positives
Inking in
Automatic Plate Processors
Make a Series of Test Exposure
Process The Test Strips
Compare the results to a standard
Platemaking Exposure Factors
Multimetal Plates
Waterless Plates
Thermal Hardening
Types of Offset Plates
Direct Image Plates
Presensitized Plates (PS Plates)
To Prepare A PS. Plate
Desensitize
To Prepare Wipe on plates
Expose a Paper Negative
Transfer the Unexposed silver from the negative to the plate
Process the plate
Electrostatic Plates
Photo Direct Plates
Step & Repeat Platemaking
Platemaking Procedures

PRESSES

Letter Press
The Offset Process and Its Principle, Advantage and Limitations
Lithography Offset
Presses (Offset) or Duplicators
Perfector & Multicolour Presses

OFFSET PRESS

Sheet Feeder
Sheet Separator
Printing Units
Plate Cylinder
Inspect and Measure The Plate
Blanket Cylinders
The Inking System
The Damping System
No Covering
Brush Damping
Cotton Covers
Paper Damper
Stockkinette Sleeves
3M Paper Sleeves
Dampening Solutions
The Autodamp Unit
Brush Damping Unit
The Hydro Colour System
Condensation Damping Unit
The Dahlgran Unit
Matic Damping Unit
Feeding & Registering System
Sheet, Stream and  Web Fed Presses
The Delivery System
Pre Make Ready Check List
Make Ready Check List
Clean Up Check List
Two Colour and Multi colour sheet Fed Presses Cylinder Arrangements
Mabeg Feeder
Setting Instructions
Pile Loading
Pile Raising
Sheet Separator Unit
Pick Up Suckers
Rear Air Blast Nozzles
Rear Flip Brushes
Setting Transport Rollers
Adjusting the hold down Rollers
Adjusting  The Hold Down Rollers
Setting Plastic Transport Rollers
Adjustment  of Rotary Brushes
Adjusting The Sheet Hold Down Balls
Setting Flat Brushes
Adjusting the Double Sheet Control
Recheck of Double sheet control
Front and Side Lays
Swing Arm Grippers
Sheet Detection
Sheet Transport
The Delivery System
Panels Control
Press Makeready and Operation
Checking The work Instruction
Preparing The Pile
Feeder Setting
Feedboard Setting
Setting the sheet Path
Delivery Setting
Fitting The Plate
Preparing the Dampers
Ink Preparation
Electrostatic Powder Application
Washing Off the Plate
Printing
Setting Register Controls
Obtaining the Pass Sheet and Running on
Wash Up
Plate Cylinder Packing
Change of Image Size
Impression Cylinder Pressure
Hydraulic Triping
Blanket Maintenance
Multicolour Printing
Image Coverage
Ink Transparency
Ink Colour
Process Colour Printing
The Multicolour Press
Quality Control

WEB OFFSET

Cylinder Dimensions
Plate Cylinders
Blanket Cylinders
Impression Cylinders
Inking System
Damping will
Photo Polymer Relief Printing
Photopolymer Relief Plates
Solid Plates
Proofing
Web Offset
Newspaper Printing
Length Folding
Cross Folding
Concertina Folding
Combination Folding
Ribbon Folding
Cutting
Rewinding
Infra Red Drying On Web Offset
Offset Printing Machines
Durometer
Anti Set Off Spray Powder Control
Pressroom Lighting
Moisture Content of Paper
Business Form Production

SPECIFICATIONS FOR OFFSET PUBLICATIONS

Standard Specifications for Offset Publications
Density and dot Gain on coated Papers
Solid Density on Coated Paper
% Dot Gain and Tolerances on Coated Paper
Density and Dot Gain on Glazed Newsprint
%Dot Gain and Tolerances on Coated Paper
Screen Angles
Colour Sequences
Ink Quality and Colour
Proofing Specifications
Proofing Paper
Set of Positives
Colour Sequences & Ink Shades
Proofing Densities & Dot Gains
Progressive Proofs
Control Strips
Markings
Viewing Conditions
Photo Mechanical Pre Press Proofing
Ink Trapping

PROOF AND PROOFING TECHNIQUES

Simple Proofs
Colour Proofing
Colour  Sequence
Film Laminates
Pigment/Toner Laminates
Ink on Paper
Ink Jet Proofs
Video Proofs
Electrostatic
Proofing
Digital Proofs
Advantages and Uses  of Different Proofing Methods
Digital Proofs Advantages
Use This Method When
Use This Method When
Photomechanical  Proofs Advantages
Use This Method When
Press Proofs advantages
Use This Method When
Proof Correction Symbols

NEWSPAPER PRINTING: LETTERPRESS, OFFSET, FLEXO AND ANILOX

The Rapid Rate of Progress in Newspaper Printing During The Past Few
Decades will Continue into the future
Revolution in the Press Hall Offset Storms the Letterpress stronghold
Tailor Made Technology is the trend of today
Advanced Console Technology is Now Standard Equipment
Electronics can tap enormous productivity reserves
Counter trend towards Less complex Technology
The Newspaper Technology of tomarrow
Anilox offset
Dampening unit
Press configurations
Waterless offset printing for sheet fed & Web Fed
Silicone Instead of Aluminium
Best Results with Temperature Control
Temperature Control of The Inking Units
Start up waste in web offset Reduced
Using Synergism
Waterless Technology for Heat set presses
Active Air Cooling
The Secret of the waterless Process

NEWSPAPER PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY

Page Forms
Page Grid
Creating A Story Hole on the Page Grid
Auto Registration
Composing Story Elements
Composing the complete story
Boxed Story
Rules Between Stories and over/underline for story Elements
Meta Editing
Advertisements
Yellow Page Software
Features
Parameter file Maintenance
Advertisements size file maintenance
Area Master file Maintenance
ategory master file maintenance
Salesman Master file Maintenance

PLANT ECONOMICS OF OFFSET PRINTING PRESS

Plant & Machinery
Fixed Capital
Raw Materials
Total Working Capital/Month
Total Capital Investment
Turn over/Annum

PLANT ECONOMICS OF DTP AND PRINTING UNIT

Plant & Machinery
Fixed Capital
Raw Materials
Total Working Capital/Month
Total Capital Investment
Turn over/Annum

PLANT ECONOMICS OF OFFSET SECURITY PRINTING PRESS

Plant & Machinery
Fixed Capital
Raw Materials
Total Working Capital/Month
Total Capital Investment
Turn over/Annum

SUPPLIERS OF PLANT & MACHINERIES

Offset Printing Machinery

SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS
Printing Chemicals
Printing Inks
Flexographic Printing Inks
Lithographic Printing Inks
Printing Plates

Engineers India Research Institute (EIRI) is a renowned name in the industrial world for offering technical and financial consultancy services.

EIRI services are:

Detailed Feasibility Reports
New Project Identification
Project Feasibility and Market Study
Identification of Lucrative Industrial Project Opportunities
Preparation of Project Profiles / Pre-Investment and Detailed Feasibility Studies,
Market Surveys / Studies, Market Survey Cum Detailed Techno-Economic Feasibility Reports
Project Reports in CD Roms
Identification of Plant /Process/Machinery and Equipment, Industrial General Guidance for setting up new industrial projects.

Our most up-to-date and Technologically Advanced Industrial Project Reports, categorized with respect to Financial Outlays and Sector – wise Classification are immensely useful for :

Existing Small or Medium Scale Industrialists facing competition from large houses
Young Entrepreneurs dreaming to start their own industrial enterprise
Young Graduates and Professionals wishing to begin their career
Industrialists interested in Debottlenecking  their capacities & New Product – Lines
Large Industrial Houses pursuing  Expansion, Growth and Diversification Plans

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