Calcium – EIRI – eBooks and Project Reports https://projectreports.eiriindia.org We Create Industrialist Mon, 13 Jan 2020 12:44:31 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=6.8.3 https://projectreports.eiriindia.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/cropped-logo-1-32x32.jpg Calcium – EIRI – eBooks and Project Reports https://projectreports.eiriindia.org 32 32 CALCIUM NITRATE https://projectreports.eiriindia.org/product/calcium-nitrate-2/ Mon, 13 Jan 2020 12:44:30 +0000 https://projectreports.eiriindia.org/?post_type=product&p=13388 Calcium nitrate, sometimes called Norwegian saltpetre was the first synthetic nitrogenous fertilizer to be put on the market. It has not, however, proved to be entirely satisfactory for this purpose. At the beginning of world war II, it accounted for about 8% of the nitrogen consumed in world's agriculture. It is manufactured mainly in Europe.

Calcium nitrate is generally known as lime nitrate or nitrocalcite or lime salt peter or Norwegian salt peter. It is available in two forms one is in tetra hydrate form whose chemical formula is Ca (NO3.4H2O). Another is simple calcium nitrate whose chemical formula is Ca(NO3)2.

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]]> INTRODUCTION
CHARACTERISTICS OF CALCIUM NITRATE
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
CALCIUM NITRATE SPECIFICATIONS:
USES AND APPLICATION
USE IN AGRICULTURE
WASTE WATER TREATMENT
CONCRETE
LATEX COAGULANT
COLD PACKS
MOLTEN SALTS FOR HEAT TRANSFER AND STORAGE
THE ROLES OF CALCIUM NITRATE
TABLE 1. CHARGE AND RELATIVE SIZE OF SOME SOIL CATIONS. IONIC DIAMETER IS GIVEN IN PICOMETERS (10-12 M).
CALCIUM AS A PLANT NUTRIENT
FIGURE 1. YIELD RESPONSE OF CANOLA (TOP LINES) AND WHEAT (BOTTOM LINE) TO APPLIED CA IN A HIGHLY ACIDIC SAND (PH 4.4, 3% CLAY, 0.6% ORGANIC CARBON, 1.8 CMOL(+)/KG) .
FIGURE 2. WHERE NUTRIENT DEFICIENCIES ARE SEEN (LEFT) AND TYPICAL SYMPTOMS IN TOMATO (TOP) AND CANOLA (BOTTOM).
SOIL SUPPLY OF CALCIUM
TABLE 2. LEVELS OF EXCHANGEABLE CATIONS (CMOL(+)/KG).
CATION INTERACTIONS
LIQUID CALCIUM NITRATE
NITRATE APPLICATIONS
FOR HYDROGEN SULFIDE CONTROL
CURATIVE APPLICATIONS
PREVENTATIVE APPLICATIONS
NITRATE PROPERTIES AND DOSING
CURATIVE (BIOMEDIATED OXIDATION):
PREVENTION:
B.I.S. SPECIFICATION
SPECIFICATION OF CALCIUM NITRATE
FOR EXPLOSIVE INDUSTRY
1. SCOPE
2. TERMINOLOGY
3. REQUIREMENTS
4. PACKING AND MARKING
5. SAMPLING
METHODS OF TEST FOR CALCIUM NITRATE FOR EXPLOSIVE INDUSTRY
A-L. QUALITY OF REAGENTS
A-2. DETERMINATION OF CALCIUM NITRATE CONTENT [CA (NO3)2]
A-3. DETERMINATION OF IRON
A-4. DETERMINATION OF MAGNESIUM
A-5. DETERMINATION OF NITRITE
A-6. DETERMINATION OF WATER INSOLUBLES
A-7. DETERMINATION OF LOSS ON DRYING
A-8. DETERMINATION OF PH
A-9. DETERMINATION OF GRIT
SPECIFICATION AND PROPERTIES OF CALCIUM NITRATE
TABLE SIMPLE FERTIRRIGATION FERTILIZERS
TABLE COMPOUND FERTIRRIGATION FERTILIZERS
TABLE CALCIUM NITRATE PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS
TABLE CALCIUM NITRATE LIQUID FERTILIZER COMMERCIAL SPECIFICATIONS
MARKET OVERVIEW OF CALCIUM NITRATE
MARKET SURVEY
DEMAND FOR FERTILISER IN INDIA
TABLE: ANNUAL FERTILIZER NUTRIENT PROJECTIONS FOR 2019-20 AND 2020-21
MANUFACTURER/SUPPLIER OF CALCIUM NITRATE
DERIVATION OF CALCIUM NITRATE
MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF CALCIUM NITRATE
PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM
RAW MATERILAS
PROCESS IN DETAILS TO MANUFACTURE CALCIUM NITRATE
EXAMPLE 1
EXAMPLE 2
EXAMPLE 3
DETAILS OF CALCIUM NITRATE
USING ROCK PHOSPHATE AND NITRIC ACID
FOR 1 TON OF CALCIUM NITRATE (USING ROCK PHOSPHATE AND NITRATE ACID)
PRODUCTION PROCESS OF TECHNICAL GRADE CALCIUM NITRATE
A. PUG MILL:
B. DRUM GRANULATOR:
C. PAN GRANULATOR:
PRILLING TOWER:
FINISHING PROCESSES:
PROCESS FLOW SHEET
METHOD OF MAKING CALCIUM NITRATE EXPLOSIVE COMPOSITION
EXAMPLE 1
EXAMPLE 2
EXAMPLE 3
SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS
HDPE WOVEN BAGS
SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND MACHINERY
REACTORS
CRYSTALLIZER
CENTRIFUGE
BAG FILLING AND SEALING MACHINES
MATERIAL HANDLING EQUIPMENTS
BOILERS
LABORATORY EQUIPMENTS
STORAGE VESSEL (STORAGE TANKS)
PLANT AND MACHINERY SUPPLIERS (IMPORTED)

APPENDIX – A:

01. PLANT ECONOMICS
02. LAND & BUILDING
03. PLANT AND MACHINERY
04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS
05. FIXED CAPITAL
06. RAW MATERIAL
07. SALARY AND WAGES
08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT
11. COST OF PRODUCTION
12. TURN OVER/ANNUM
13. BREAK EVEN POINT
14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE
15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS
16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS
17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS
18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)

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]]> CALCIUM CARBONATE https://projectreports.eiriindia.org/product/calcium-carbonate-3/ Sat, 28 Dec 2019 06:45:33 +0000 https://projectreports.eiriindia.org/?post_type=product&p=13353 The commercial grade of calcium carbonate in manufactured in two forms.

* Precipitated Calcium Carbonate
* Activated Calcium Carbonate

These two forms of calcium carbonate differ in respect of coating which the former does not have and later has. Both the forms of calcium carbonate are being used in various industries as filler or extender, thus assumes crucial importance in chemical and allied industries. PVC Rubber, denitrifice, cigarette paper, and printing ink, pharmaceutical is some of the calcium carbonate using industries.

In this offer we have considered the product mix of Precipitated Grade which could cover very wide range of grades in terms of Particle Size, Shape and Distribution. It will be possible to vary any of the three physical properties along with other physical properties, such as Bulk Density, Flow Point, and Viscosity, as required by individual customers as per their need. We have also considered 40 Tons per day capacity Activated Calcium Carbonate with different coating arrangement as well as sophisticated Pressure Filtration and Drying System to ensure the quality product.

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]]> INTRODUCTION
PROCESS
CALCIUM COMPOUNDS
CALCIUM CARBONATE
PRECIPITATED CALCIUM CARBONATE
CALCIUM CARBONATE
USES AND APPLICATIONS
PLASTICS
PAINTS AND SURFACE COATINGS
COSMETICS/TOOTH PASTE
PAPER
FOOD AND PHARMACEUTICALS
PUTTY, CAULKS AND SEALANTS
TYPICAL PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF CALCIUM CARBONATES
SPECIFICATIONS OF CALCIUM CARBONATE
RUBBER INDUSTRY
DESCRIPTION
COSMETIC INDUSTRY
REQUIREMENTS
EXPLOSIVE AND PYROTECHNIC INDUSTRY
TYPES
REQUIREMENTS FOR CALCIUM CARBONATE – PRECIPITATED
& ACTIVATED FOR PAINTS
TERMINOLOGY
TYPES
REQUIREMENTS
TABLE REQUIREMENTS FOR CALCRJM CARBONATE, PRECIPITATED
AND ACTIVATED, FOR PAINTS
PACKING AND MARKING
PROPERTIES
PROPERTIES OF PURE CALCIUM CARBONATE:-
PROPERTIES OF CALCITE:-
PROPERTIES OF ARAGONITE:-
PROPERTIES OF LIMES AND LIME STONE:-
COLOUR :-
ODOR:-
TEXTURE:-
B.I.S. SPECIFICATION
SCOPE
REQUIREMENTS
PACKING AND MARKING
TABLE 1 REQUIREMENT FOR PRECIPITATED CALCIUM CAREONATE
FOR COSMETIC INDUSTRY
SAMPLING
QUALITY OF REAGENTS
DETERMINATION OF FINENESS
APPARATUS
CALCULATION:-
DETERMINATION OF LOSS ON DRYING:-
DETERMINATION OF BULK DENSITY:-
APPARATUS:-
CALCULATION
WHERE
DETERMINATION OF CALCIUM CARBONATE
REAGENTS
CALCULATION:-
METHOD B
TEST FOR MAGNESIUM AND ALKALI SALTS
DETERMINATION FO ALUMINIUM IRON PHOSPHATES
AND MATTER INSOLUBLE IN HYDROCHLORIC ACID
TEST FOR IRON:-
TEST FOR ARSENIC:-
TEST FOR HEAVY METALS:-
TEST FOR CHLORIDES:-
DETERMINATION OF PH OF AQUEOUS SUSPENSION
TEST FOR BARIUM:-
TEST FOR SULPHATES:-
DETERMINATION OF FLOW POINT
SAMPLING OF CALCIUM CARBONATE, PRECIPITATED
FOR COSMETIC INDUSTRY
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS OF SAMPLING
SCALE OF SAMPLING
TEST SAMPLES AND REFEREE SAMPLE
PREPARATION OF TEST SAMPLES
NUMBER OF TEST
CRITERION FOR CONFORMITY
SCOPE
TERMINOLOGY
TYPES
REQUIREMENTS
PACKING AND MARKING
SAMPLING
TESTS
METHODS OF TEST FOR PRECIPITATED AND ACTIVATED CALCIUM CARBONATE FOR PAINTS
DETERMINATION OF PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION
DETERMINATION OF LOSS ON IGNITION
DETERMINATION OF INSOLUBLE SILICEOUS MATTER
DETERMINATION OF CALCIUM CARBONATE
METHOD B:-
REAGENTS
CALCULATION:-
DETERMINATION OF TOTLA FATTY MATTER
MARKET SURVEY
INSTALLED CAPACITY AND PRODUCTION OF CALCIUM CARBONATE
EXPORT OF CALCIUM CARBONATE
CONSUMPTION PATTERN OF CALCIUM CARBONATE
IMPORT OF CALCIUM CARBONATE
INSTALLED CAPACITY, PRODUCTION & CAPUTILIZATION OF CALCIUM CARBONATE
APPARENT CONSUMPTION OF CALCIUM CARBONATE
ESTIMATED DEMAND
GROWTH RATE IN ANNUAL DEMAND OF PRECIPITATED
CALCIUM CARBONATE
GLOBAL OVERVIEW CALCIUM CARBONATE
GLOBAL CONSUMPTION PATTERN OF PRECIPITATED LIME STONE
SWOT ANALYSIS OF PRECIPITATED CALCIUM CARBONATES
MANUFACTURERS/SUPPLIERS RAW MATERIALS
LIMESTONE:-
TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT IN PRECIPITATED CALCIUM CARBONATES
TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENTS
ACID TOLERANT TECHNOLOGY
CHEMISTRY OF THE PROCESS
1. CALCINATION OF LIMESTONE:-
2. HYDRATION OF QUICKLIME (MANUFACTURE OF MILK-OF-LIME SUSPENSION:-
3. CARBONATION OF MILK-OF-LIME TO PRODUCE CALCIUM CARBONATE
PRECIPITATED CALCIUM CARBONATE PRODUCTION
BURNING OF LIME:
LACKING OF QUICKLIME
PRECIPITATION
MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF PRECIPITATED LIME STONE
PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM
STEPS IN PRECIPITATED CALCIUM CARBONATE MANUFACTURE
PROCESS IN DETAILS
CALCINATION OF LIMESTONE TO PRODUCE QUICKLIME & CHEMICAL LIME
HYDRATION OF QUICK LIME (MANUFACTURE OF HYDRATED LIME)
CARBONATION OF LIME SLURRY WITH CARBON DIOXIDE GAS
FILTERATION AND DRYING
MANUFACTURE OF ACTIVATED CALCIUM CARBONATE
CO2 GAS PURIFICATION
PROCESS FLOW SHEET OF PRECIPITATED CACO3
PRODUCTION OF INDUSTRIAL FILLERS BASED ON CALCIUM CARBONATE
GCC PRODUCTION
PCC PRODUCTION
HIGH SPEED MANUFACTURING PROCESS FOR PRECIPITATED
CALCIUM CARBONATE
SYNTHETIC METHOD FOR PRECIPITATED CALCIUM CARBONATES
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION OF PRECIPITATED CALCIUM CARBONATES
TECHNICAL DATA SHEET
PRODUCT NAME / REFERENCE
MAIN INTENDED USE
CHEMICAL DESCRIPTION
PACKAGING
MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET FOR CALCIUM CARBONATE
(PRECIPITATED) FOR FOOD APPLICATION
DESCRIPTION
MAIN USES
STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS
TYPICAL BULK DENSITY
TRANSPORT AND STORAGE CONDITIONS
SAFETY DATA
PLANT LAYOUT
SUPPLIERS OF PLANT & MACHINERIES
ROTARY KILNS
JAW CRUSHER
BUCKET ELEVATOR
ROTARY DRYER MANUFACTURERS & EXPORTERS
PULVERIZERS
CENTRIFUGE
HEAT EXCHANGER
EFFLUENT TREATMENT PLANT (ETP PLANT)
BOILERS
MATERIAL HANDLING EQUIPMENTS
LABORATORY EQUIPMENTS
SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS
PACKAGING MATERIALS (HDPE WOVEN LAMINATED BAGS)

APPENDIX – A:

01. PLANT ECONOMICS
02. LAND & BUILDING
03. PLANT AND MACHINERY
04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS
05. FIXED CAPITAL
06. RAW MATERIAL
07. SALARY AND WAGES
08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT
11. COST OF PRODUCTION
12. TURN OVER/ANNUM
13. BREAK EVEN POINT
14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE
15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS
16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS
17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS
18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)

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]]> CALCIUM PROPIONATE https://projectreports.eiriindia.org/product/calcium-propionate/ Wed, 16 Oct 2019 07:01:04 +0000 https://projectreports.eiriindia.org/?post_type=product&p=13137 Calcium propionate is the calcium salt of propionic acid. Propionic acid is a natural acid present in small quantities in many foods. In fermented foods however, propionic acid can be present in high concentrations because it is produced by fermentation bacteria. Calcium propionate is used as preservative or antimicrobial, mainly against fungi. Calcium ions are necessary for the enzyme ?-amylase to break down the starches in bread, making them available for the yeast top grow, and improving the texture of the bread. If enough of the amylose portion of starch is converted into sugar, retrogradion of bread is slowed down or prevented. In agriculture, it is used, amongst other things, to prevent milk fever in cows and as a feed supplement. Calcium propionate is used in bakery products. Cheeses, confections and frostings, gelatins, puddings and fillings, and jams and jellies. In commercial practice the amount of calcium propionate used will be limited by cost and the possibility of imparting off-tastes or textures to food. Calcium propionate is used in bakery products as a mold inhibitor. Mold contamination is considered a serious problem amongst bakers, and conditions commonly found in baking present near-optimal conditions for mold growth. Calcium propionate can be used: as an antimicrobial agent; at levels not exceeding current good manufacturing practice in baked goods, cheeses, confections and frostings, gelatins, puddings and fillings, and jams and jellies. Calcium propionate is an organic salt formed by the reaction of calcium hydroxide with propionic acid (also known as propanoic acid). Its chemical formula is Ca (OOCCH2CH3)2. The compound occurs in either crystalline or powder form. It is soluble in water and only very slightly soluble in alcohol. Calcium propionate is used as a food preservative in breads and other baked goods because of its ability to inhibit the growth of molds and other microorganisms. It is not toxic to these organisms, but does prevent them from reproducing and posing a health risk to humans. Propionic acid occurs naturally in some foods and acts as a preservative in those foods. Some types of cheese, for example, contain as much as 1% natural propionic acid. Studies indicate that calcium propionate is one of the safest food additives used by the food industry. Rats fed a diet containing nearly 4% calcium propionate for a year showed no ill effects. As a result, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration have placed no limitations on its use in foods. In addition to baked goods, it is commonly used as a preservative in chocolate products, processed cheeses, and fruit preserves. The tobacco industry has also used calcium propionate as a preservative in some of its products. Beyond its role as a food additive, calcium propionate finds some application in the manufacture of butyl rubber. Adding it to the raw product makes it easier to process the rubber and protects the rubber from scorching during manufacture.

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]]> INTRODUCTION
PROPERTIES & CHARACTERISTICS
CALCIUM PROPIONATE
CALCIUM PROPIONATE PROPERTIES
MECHANISM OF ACTION
USES & APPLICATIONS
IN FOOD
IN BEVERAGE
IN PHARMACEUTICALS
IN AGRICULTURE
STRUCTURE OF PROPIONATES
PROPIONIC ACID
SODIUM PROPIONATE
CALCIUM PROPIONATE
POTASSIUM PROPIONATE
CHARACTERISTICS AND PURITY OF CALCIUM PROPIONATE
REQUIREMENT OF CALCIUM PROPIONATE
IDENTIFICATION TESTS
PACKING, STORAGE AND MARKING OF CALCIUM PROPIONATE
PACKING
MARKING
TESTING METHOD OF CALCIUM PROPIONATE
DETERMINATION OF CALCIUM PROPIONATE CONTENT
A-0 GENERAL
A.2 METHOD II
A-3 METHOD III
DETERMINATION OF MOISTURE
B-0 GENERAL
B-L OVEN DRWNG METHOD
B-2 KARL FISCHER METHOD
DETERMINATION OF MATTER INSOLUBLE IN WATER
C-1 APPARATUS
C-2 PROCEDURE
C-3 CALCULATION
DETERMINATION OF IRON
D-1 APPARATUS
D-2 REAGENTS
D-3 PROCEDURE
TEST FOR FLUORIDE
E-0 GENERAL
E-I METHOD I THORIUM NITRATE COLORIMETRIC METHOD
E-1.2 PROCEDURE
E-2 METHOD II ION-SELECTIVE ELECTRODE METHOD
E-2.1 CALIBRATION CURVE
E-2.2 PROCEDURE
TEST FOR MAGNESIUM
F-L PROCEDURE
MARKET OVERVIEW OF CALCIUM PROPIONATE
DERIVATION OF PROPIONATES
PROPIONIC ACID
SODIUM PROPIONATE, CALCIUM PROPIONATE AND POTASSIUM PROPIONATES
PRESENT MANUFACTURERS/SUPPLIERS OF CALCIUM PROPIONATE
MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF CALCIUM PROPIONATE
CHEMICAL REACTION
PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM
PROCESS IN DETAILS
SPECIFICALLY, THE PROCESS IS CARRIED OUT, FOR EXAMPLE, AS FOLLOWS:
PRINCIPLES OF PLANT LAYOUT
MAJOR PROVISIONS IN ROAD PLANNING FOR MULTIPURPOSE SERVICE ARE:
PLANT LOCATION FACTORS
EXPLANATION OF TERMS USED IN THE PROJECT REPORT
PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULES
PLANT LAYOUT
SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS
LIME
PACKAGING MATERIALS (HDPE WOVEN SACK)
SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND MACHINERY
REACTORS
CONDENSER
PACKAGING MACHINE
LABORATORY EQUIPMENTS
STORAGE VESSEL (STORAGE TANKS)

APPENDIX – A:

01. PLANT ECONOMICS
02. LAND & BUILDING
03. PLANT AND MACHINERY
04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS
05. FIXED CAPITAL
06. RAW MATERIAL
07. SALARY AND WAGES
08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT
11. COST OF PRODUCTION
12. TURN OVER/ANNUM
13. BREAK EVEN POINT
14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE
15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS
16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS
17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS
18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)

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