Project report on CNG Cylinders - Technology Book - Feasibility Report - Market Survey - Industrial Report https://projectreports.eiriindia.org/product-tag/cng-cylinders/ We Create Industrialist Thu, 16 Sep 2021 04:54:40 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=6.8.3 https://projectreports.eiriindia.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/cropped-logo-1-32x32.jpg Project report on CNG Cylinders - Technology Book - Feasibility Report - Market Survey - Industrial Report https://projectreports.eiriindia.org/product-tag/cng-cylinders/ 32 32 CNG CYLINDER TESTING PLANT https://projectreports.eiriindia.org/product/cng-cylinder-testing-plant/ Thu, 16 Sep 2021 04:54:39 +0000 https://projectreports.eiriindia.org/?post_type=product&p=15057 CNG is the compressed form of Natural Gas,which is mainly composed of methane [CH4]), which is less than 1% of the volume it occupies at standard atmospheric pressure so that large volume of gas can be stored in CNG cylinder. Final filling pressure of CNG in the vehicle cylinder is limited to 200 bar.

CNG is successfully used as a fuel in our transport system from Decades, more popularly termed as "Green Fuel". CNG is widely used in Auto rickshaws, Cars & Buses. For use in Automobiles as fuel, it is compressed to a pressure of 200-250 bar to enhance the vehicle on-boardstoragecapacity. CNG or Compressed Natural Gas is a fossil fuel substitute for petrol, diesel, or LPG. CNG is more environmentally clean alternative to those fuels, and it is much safer than other fuels in the event of a spill.

CNG cylinders are strong and light weight and undergo stringent cyclic testing to assess fatigue strength, usage life and to ensure safety and reliability under extreme climate conditions. A wide range of CNG cylinders are designed and designed and manufactured to comply with national and international standard (Reinforcement.com, 2007). High-quality stainless steel CNG cylinders and cascade of cylinders are available for different capacities and various kinds of vehicles, like three-wheelers, cars, buses and delivery vehicles as shown in Figure 24 a and b.

The storage tanks for compressed natural gas (CNG cylinders) must be strong, lightweight, and resistant to impact and temperature. Cylinders can be divided into the following three groups, depending on the materials used in their manufacture:

• Metallic

• Mental-composite (metal liner strengthened by polymer composite material; and

• Composite (polymer liner strengthened by polymer composite material).

Gas cylinders are the heavier portion of alternative fuel systems which adds more weight to vehicle unlades weight. In search of innovative materials for gas cylinders, composite material has been the front runner in reducing weight of the vehicle, thereby reducing fuel consumption significantly. This report describes the various types of composite cylinders, their design & test requirements, merits and demerits of each type of composite cylinder.

This report explains various new and effective technologies in Cylinders that are available internationally, its regulatory requirements and usage. In India Type 1, 2, 3 have been successfully used in Indian Automotive Industry Chief Controller of Explosives (CCOE), Nagpur is the approval authority for CNG Cylinders in India.

This unique report will also provide you with valuable information, insights about vehicles with Type 4 Cylinders, history of composite cylinders and detailed analysis of all the four types of CNG Cylinders

Current status of adoption of composite cylinder technology in India and worldwide, such as number of composite cylinder manufacturers in world, level of introduction of composite cylinders in different types of vehicles and incidents happened due to composite cylinders are also described in this report. Based on review of composite cylinder technology, it is concluded that all-composite cylinder technology (i.e., Type-4 cylinders) is the best solution for light weighting of automotive heavy commercial vehicles such as buses without compromising on safety.

The post CNG CYLINDER TESTING PLANT appeared first on EIRI - eBooks and Project Reports.

]]> INTRODUCTION
TYPE OF CNG CYLINDERS
CYLINDER TYPES INCLUDE:
TABLE 1: TYPE OF CNG CYLINDERS
1. TYPE 1 CYLINDER – ALL METAL.
2. TYPE 2 CNG CYLINDERS – HOOP WRAPPED COMPOSITE.
3. TYPE 3 CNG CYLINDERS – FULLY WRAPPED COMPOSITE WITH METAL LINERS.
4. TYPE 4 CNG CYLINDERS – FULLY WRAPPED COMPOSITE WITH NON-METALLIC LINERS.
B.I.S. SPECIFICATION
PROCESS FLOW CHART
TESTING PROCESS OF CNG CYLINDER
TESTING OF CNG CYLINDERS
TESTS FOR CNG CYLINDERS
NO OF TEST SPECIMENS
REQUIREMENTS:
A) HIGH TEMPERATURE CREEP TEST
B) ACCELERATED STRESS RUPTURE TEST
C) IMPACT DAMAGE TEST (DROP TEST)
REQUIREMENTS:
D) PERMEATION TEST
E) FLAW TOLERANCE TEST
F) ACID ENVIRONMENT TEST
DIFFERENT CHEMICALS CAN BE USED:
G) AMBIENT TEMPERATURE PRESSURE CYCLE TEST
REQUIREMENTS:
H) BURST TEST
I) BON-FIRE TEST
REQUIREMENTS:
J) INTERNAL/EXTERNAL CORROSION
K) CHEMICAL AND UV RESISTANCE
I) FATIGUE IN CYCLING
M) OVERPRESSURE DURING FILLING OR DUE TO TEMPERATURE CHANGES
N) IMPACT AND ABRASION
HYDROSTATIC STRETCH TESTING OF COMPRESSED GAS CYLINDERS
1. WATER JACKET METHOD
2. NON-JACKET METHOD
FACILITIES REQUIRED FOR CYLINDER TESTING STATIONS
1. MANAGEMENT:
2. EQUIPMENT:
GLOBAL MARKET POSITION
GLOBAL CNG GAS CYLINDER INDUSTRY -BACKGROUND AND CHARACTERISTICS
CNG CYLINDER STANDARDS IN DIFFERENT COUNTRIES:
CNG CYLINDER REGULATIONS IN DIFFERENT COUNTRIES
GLOBAL CNG CYLINDER MARKET
TABLE: CNG CYLINDER MARKET
COMPANIES MANUFACTURING TYPE 4 CYLINDERS:
PENETRATION OF TYPE-4 COMPOSITE CYLINDERS IN AUTO INDUSTRY
FOLLOWING ARE LIST OF SOME BUS MANUFACTURERS WHO ARE USING TYPE-IV GAS CYLINDERS:
TABLE: TYPE 4 CYLINDER MARKET POSITION ON CITY BUSES IN EUROPE
TABLE: TYPE 4 CYLINDER MARKET POSITION ON CITY BUSES IN NORTH AMERICA
FOLLOWING ARE SOME OF THE BRANDS THAT ARE USING TYPE-4 CYLINDERS:
FIGURE: BRANDS USING TYPE 4 COMPOSITE CYLINDERS
GLOBAL CNG GAS CYLINDER MARKET
NATURAL GAS VEHICLES DATA FOR IANGV:
TABLE: POPULATION OF NGV’S AND REFUELING STATIONS
FIGURE: NATURAL GAS VEHICLE COUNT BY REGION (1991-2010)
FIGURE: ACTUAL AND PROJECTED VOLUMES OF NGV’S
FIGURE: AVERAGE ANNUAL GROWTH RATE OF NGV’S BY REGION
FIGURE: NGV GROWTH PROJECTION TILL 2014
FIGURE: ESTIMATED PRODUCTION OF COMPOSITE REINFORCED CNG CYLINDERS
PLANT LAYOUT
PRESENT MANUFACTURERS AND SUPPLIERS
SUPPLIERS OF CNG CYLINDER TESTING PLANT

APPENDIX – A:

01. PLANT ECONOMICS
02. LAND & BUILDING
03. PLANT AND MACHINERY
04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS
05. FIXED CAPITAL
06. RAW MATERIAL
07. SALARY AND WAGES
08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT
11. COST OF PRODUCTION
12. TURN OVER/ANNUM
13. BREAK EVEN POINT
14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE
15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS
16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS
17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS
18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)

The post CNG CYLINDER TESTING PLANT appeared first on EIRI - eBooks and Project Reports.

]]> C.N.G. CYLINDERS (COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS) https://projectreports.eiriindia.org/product/c-n-g-cylinders-compressed-natural-gas/ Mon, 29 Sep 2014 11:54:26 +0000 http://projectreports.eiriindia.org/?post_type=product&p=2843             CNG  is  a  mixture  of  low  molecular  weight  hydrocarbon obtained in petroleum bearing regions throughout the world.

In the U.S it occurs chiefly in the south western states and Alaska,  An  as  yet  unexploited source  of  Natural  Gas  under extremely high pressure.

C.N.G.  Cylinder is a demandable product used in  Automobile industries for filling of Compressed Natural Gas.

Through out the commercial life time of a hydrocarbon  fuel, from  production  at  the  weelhead  to  combustion  in  chamber, considerations  of  fuel  storage  movement,  loss,  safety   and contamination   apply.  These  are  determined  largely  by   the properties  of  the fuel itself and are therefore  controlled  by suitable  property  specifications.  They  are  also   influenced significantly  by  the  design of  the  handling  equipment,  the procedures  adopted and in some cases by the use  of  appropriate fuel additives.

Project Report Covers:

  •     Introduction
  •     Uses and Applications
  •     Properties
  •     Market Survey with future aspects
  •     Present Manufacturers
  •     B.I.S. Specifications
  •     Manufacturing Process with Formulae
  •    Cost Economics with Profitability Analysis
  •     Capacity
  •     Land & Building Requirements with Rates
  •     List & Details of Plant and Machinery with their Costs
  •     Raw Materials
  •     Details/List and Costs
  •     Power & Water Requirements
  •     Labour/Staff Requirements
  •     Utilities and Overheads
  •     Total Capital Investment
  •     Turnover
  •     Cost of Production
  •     Break Even Point
  •     Profitability
  •     Land Man Ratio
  •     Suppliers of Plant & Machineries and Raw Materials.

The post C.N.G. CYLINDERS (COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS) appeared first on EIRI - eBooks and Project Reports.

]]> The post C.N.G. CYLINDERS (COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS) appeared first on EIRI - eBooks and Project Reports.

]]>