Packaging has been assuming importance in the context of growth of industries in general and consumer industries in particular. Paper is one of the most important materials that enters packaging. Paper is extensively used for making boxes, bags, sealing tapes, drums and tubes and as cushioning materials.

Paper makers in the country are becoming conscious of the needs of container industry and are working to improve the existing qualities. In India textile, tea, tobacco and coffee are probably the largest consumers of papers. Out of the total paper production about 35 per cent goes to the packaging industry. With the advancement of industry, the production of paper and paper board is bound to increase and the major increase will be in the field of packaging papers and boards. Paper is intact replacing the older materials used for packaging. In addition, paper in packaging is economical; light easy to handle and superior. Corrugated boxes and solid fibre containers are extensively being used in place of wooden boxes.

The lower cost, light weight and superiority over other packaging have been the key to the remarkable growth of fiber boxes. The advantages of corrugated boxes to other packaging materials may be summed as under.

1. Light weight.
2 Low cost.
3. Easy setting up and letting.
4. Small storage space required.
5. Cushioning properties.
6. Easy handling.
7. Adaptability to interior packing.
8. Attractive printing.
9. Wide source of supply.

A corrugating box is made from corrugating fibre board which is a structure formed by glueing a liner board to one or both faces of a corrugated member.

The common types of corrugated fibre boards are:

Single Faced Corrugated Fibre Boards:

Single faced corrugated fibre board is made by gluing a flat sheet of liner board to a sheet of corrugating machine and formed into a series of arches. Single faced board provides a considerable amount of cushioning for any product wrapped in it. These boards are extensively used for wrapping of interior packing. Fragile items are often enclosed in this type of fibre board before packed in larger containers.

Double Faced Corrugated Fibre Boards:-

In this type of corrugated fibre boards, one flat facing is glued to each side of corrugating member, the primary use is for shipping containers. It can also be used in the form of interior packing of glass wares and other fragile articles which require protection.

Double Wall corrugated fibre Boards:

Double wall corrugated fibre boards comprise of three flat facings and tow corrugating members combined. The principal use of double wall corrugating fibre board is in making boxes. Excellent strength of boxes made from such a fibre board permits the use of boxes of greater size and gross weight.

Tripple wall corrugated Fibre Boards:

Tripple wall corrugated fibre board sheet comprises of four flat facings and three corrugated members combined. These fibre boards are used for making boxes which are used for packing large and heavy articles.

Solid fibre board’s containers are made from solid fibre sheets by gluing or lamination two or more plies of paper boards together on a pasting machine to form a single sheet. By varying the number of sheets the thickness of the resulting solid fibre board is altered. Besides their use as containers, owing to their toughness, solid fibre boards are also used as lithographic cutouts, advertising display sings, separator pads and partitions.

The corrugated board and boxes making industry is reserved for development material, i.e. Kraft paper is in short supply in the country and imported from various countries to meet the growing demand,

M/s. Hindustan Paper Corporation, New Delhi may be contacted frequent allotment of imported paper.

Corrugating medium and craft paper lining form the layers (Plies) of corrugated cardboard sheets. There are two types of industries in India side-by-side:-

1. Those procuring media & craft papers from their manufacturers to corrugate and make corrugated board to be sold as it is or to make corrugated board boxes for packaging industries.

2. Those units which use corrugated cardboard sheet coils/rolls to convert them in boxes & cartons for packaging.

Both the types of industries on operating successfully.

This project proposes to make corrugated boxes out of corrugated card board sheets purchased from the established corrugators.

The industry falls under SSI-Sector irrespective of the fact whether the plant & machineries, used belong to indigenous or imported origin.

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Label is any written, electronic or graphic communications on the packaging or on a separate but associated label. Display of information about a product on its container, packaging, or the product itself.

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Coextruded film can combine favourable properties of two or more thermoplastic materials in one composite.

The individual layer of a composite is carefully selected to render specific end use characteristics.

Coextruded multilayer bottles are light weight, shatter resistant, withstand high temperature, have barrier properties to oxygen and moisture and are squeezable.

The Multilayer films as name suggests is a combination of various materials manufactured by the process known as Blown film co-extrusion into one homogenous film but with distinct individual character.

INTRODUCTION
PROPERTIES
ADVANTAGE OF CO-EXTRUDED MULTILAYER FILM
RAW MATERIALS
PROPERTIES AND CHARACTERISTICS OF MULTI LAYER CO-EXTRUDED FILM
FEATURES OF FIVE LAYER FILM
USES & APPLICATION
QUALITY SPECIFICATION
B.I.S. SPECIFICATION
MARKET SURVEY
PRODUCTION OF COEXTRUDED MULTILAYER FILM
GLOBAL MARKET OF FLEXIBLE PACKAGING
PRESENT MANUFACTURERS OF FIVE LAYER CO-EXTRUDED MULTILAYER FILMS
TECHNIQUES OF CO-EXTRUSION
MANUFACTURING PROCESS
PROCESS FLOW SHEET FOR CO-EXTRUDED MULTILAYER (5-LAYER) FILMS
BLOWN FILM EXTRUSION PROCESS
DETAILS OF FILM BLOWING PROCESS
SWOT ANALYSIS
TECHNOLOGY AND RECOMMENDATIONS
PLANT LAYOUT
PRINCIPLES OF PLANT LAYOUT
PLANT LOCATION FACTORS
EXPLANATION OF TERMS USED IN THE PROJECT REPORT
PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULES
SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND MACHINERY
SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND MACHINERY FOR FIVE LAYER CO-EXTRUDED
MULTILAYER FILM
OTHER MACHINERY SUPPLIERS
RAW MATERIAL SUPPLIERS

APPENDIX – A:

1.      COST OF PLANT ECONOMICS
2.      LAND & BUILDING
3.      PLANT AND MACHINERY
4.      FIXED CAPITAL INVESTMENT
5.      RAW MATERIAL
6.      SALARY AND WAGES
7.      UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
8.      TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
9.      COST OF PRODUCTION
10.      PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS
11.      BREAK EVEN POINT
12.      RESOURCES OF FINANCE
13.      INTEREST CHART
14.      DEPRECIATION CHART
15.      CASH FLOW STATEMENT
16.      PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET

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It has been used for many years and is being used satisfactorily in certain grades of paper.

Under coated paper comes art paper. The other varieties of coated paper which the mill can produce without incurring any additional investment are chrom paper, art, card etc. These types of papers can be either coloured or white. The base material is generally white paper. The base material is coated with certain chemicals and plastic resin mix to impart certain. Characteristics desired by the various end-users. Art paper is coated on both sides, making it possible to print it either side. Whereas chromo paper is coated on one side only. Both of these papers fall under the category of friction glazed paper.

•    INTRODUCTION
•    USES AND APPLICATIONS
•    PROPERTIES & CHARACTERISTICS OF COATED PAPER
•    SPECIFICATION OF COATING FORMULATION FOR FRICTION
GLAZED PAPERS & BOARDS
•    B. I. S. SPECIFICATIONS
•    MARKET POTENTIAL
•    FORMULATIONS FOR COATING OR LAMINATING PAPER
•    VARIOUS RAW MATERIALS USED IN FORMULATIONS
•    PREPARATION OF COATING FORMULATION
•    PROCESS OF LAMINATION & COATING ON PAPER
•    COATING PROCESS
•    OTHER COATING PROCESSES
•    PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM FOR THE PROCESS OF LAMINATION
& COATING ON PAPER
•    PLANT LAYOUT
•    SUPPLIERS OF PLANT & MACHINERY

APPENDIX – A :

1.      COST OF PLANT ECONOMICS
2.      LAND & BUILDING
3.      PLANT AND MACHINERY
4.      FIXED CAPITAL INVESTMENT
5.      RAW MATERIAL
6.      SALARY AND WAGES
7.      UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
8.      TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
9.      COST OF PRODUCTION
10.      PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS
11.      BREAK EVEN POINT
12.      RESOURCES OF FINANCE
13.      INTEREST CHART
14.      DEPRECIATION CHART
15.      CASH FLOW STATEMENT
16.      PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET

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Like   many  areas  in  science  and  technology,   printing technology  has  undergone  a process of  revolution  during  the last 15 years.   Not only has there been a radical improvement in the  machineries  but also in the various back-up  service  areas which  makes the technological scenerio of the printing  industry equally  exciting,  sophisticated,  if  not  little  complex   in nature.

This has been the result of the introduction of computer and electronic  aided mechanisms have made into print technology  and its related service areas.  The magnitude of development in print technology has been quite phenomenal during the decade.

Each ‘EIRI’ MARKET OVERVIEW CUM DETAILED TECHNO ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY REPORT (Complete Report) tentatively covers
•    Introduction
•    Properties
•    BIS (Bureau of Indian Standard) Specifications & Requirements
•    Uses & Applications
•    Present Indian Market Overview/Position
•    Export & Import Statistics Data
•    Names and Addresses of Existing Units (Present Manufactures)
•    List of Plant & Machineries
•    Miscellaneous Items and Accessories
•    Instruments, Laboratory Equipments and Accessories
•    Electrification, Electric Load and Water
•    Maintenance, Suppliers/Manufacturers of Plant and Machineries
•    Manufacturing Process with Formulations (If applicable)
•    Flow Sheet Diagram
•    List of Raw Materials
•    Availability of Raw Materials
•    Requirement of Staff & Labour
•    Personnel Management
•    Skilled & Unskilled Labour
•    Requirement of Land Area
•    Built up Area
•    Plant Layout
Along with financial details as under:
•    Summary of Capital Cost of Project
•    Land & Side Development Exp.
•    Buildings
•    Plant & Machineries
•    Misc. Fixed Assets
•    Technical Know how Fees & Exp.
•    Preliminary Expenses
•    Pre-operative Expenses
•    Provision for Contingencies
Below mentioned financial statements (Annexure) will be  for 5 to 10 Years
•    Annexure:: Cost of Project and Means of Finance
•    Annexure:: Output, Profitability and Cash Flow Chart
•    Annexure:: Assessment of Working Capital requirements
•    Annexure:: Sources of Finance
•    Annexure:: Balance Sheets
•    Annexure:: Break-Even Analysis and profitability analysis.
•    Annexure:: Quantitative Details-Output/Sales/Stocks
•    Annexure:: Sales Realisation
•    Annexure:: Raw Material Cost
•    Annexure:: Other Raw Material Cost
•    Annexure:: Packing Material Cost
•    Annexure:: Consumables, Store etc.,
•    Annexure:: Employees Expenses
•    Annexure:: Fuel Expenses
•    Annexure:: Power/Electricity Expenses
•    Annexure:: Repairs & Maintenance Exp.
•    Annexure:: Other Mfg. Expenses
•    Annexure:: Administration Expenses
•    Annexure:: Selling Expenses
•    Annexure:: Depreciation Charges - Profitability
•    Annexure:: Depreciation Charges
•    Annexure:: Interest and Repayment - Term Loans
•    Annexure:: Tax on Profit
•    Annexure:: Assumptions for Profitability workings
•    Annexure:: Assessment of Working Capital

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Today  several  advertising media, viz.  Radio,  Television, display  in news  paper, magazine, and exhibition in trade  fairs and distribution of pamphlets, folders, dangler to the consumers   are the prime ways to reach to the consumers for easy  acceptance of various domestic as well as industrial goods.

   Project Report Covers:

•     Introduction
•     Uses and Applications
•     Properties
•     Market Survey with future aspects
•     Present Manufacturers
•     B.I.S. Specifications
•     Manufacturing Process with Formulae
•    Cost Economics with Profitability Analysis
•     Capacity
•     Land & Building Requirements with Rates
•     List & Details of Plant and Machinery with their Costs
•     Raw Materials
•     Details/List and Costs
•     Power & Water Requirements
•     Labour/Staff Requirements
•     Utilities and Overheads
•     Total Capital Investment
•     Turnover
•     Cost of Production
•     Break Even Point
•     Profitability
•     Land Man Ratio
•     Suppliers of Plant & Machineries and Raw Materials.

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Pouches can be defined as vertical or horizontal,  depending on how they are formed. Vertical pouches are made by drawing  one or two webs downward a forming mandrel, sealing one or two  seats to form a tube and adding a top and bottom seal for closure  than one  side seal is used and centured, it is called a pillow  type.  If the side seal is inserted on one side and a fold on the other, it  is called a three side seal pouch.  When two side  seals  are used it is called a four side seal poucher firm-sealed pouch.

PROJECT REPORT COVERS:

•     Introduction
•     Uses and Applications
•     Properties
•     Market Survey with future aspects
•     Present Manufacturers
•     B.I.S. Specifications
•     Manufacturing Process with Formulae
•    Cost Economics with Profitability Analysis
•     Capacity
•     Land & Building Requirements with Rates
•     List & Details of Plant and Machinery with their Costs
•     Raw Materials
•     Details/List and Costs
•     Power & Water Requirements
•     Labour/Staff Requirements
•     Utilities and Overheads
•     Total Capital Investment
•     Turnover
•     Cost of Production
•     Break Even Point
•     Profitability
•     Land Man Ratio
•     Suppliers of Plant & Machineries and Raw Materials.

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