ALKYD RESINS

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Alkyd resins have been defined as the reaction product of polyhydric alcohols and polybasic acids. This definition includes polyester resins of which alkyds are a particular type. The specific definition that has gained wide acceptance is that alkyds are polyesters modified with mono-basic fatty acids. In recent years, the term nonoil or oil-free alkyd has come into wide use to describe polyesters formed by the reaction of polybasic acids with excess polyhydric alcohols. These products are best described as hydroxylated polyesters and they are finding increasing use in the coatings industry.

Classification:- There are many ways of expressing the composition of an alkyd and those in general use are often misleading in that they do not specific the alkyd. The most common compositions expressed are (a) alkyd ratio or polyhydric alcohol/phthallate ratio (b) oil length or percent oil (c) percent phthallic. If the three common components, glycerol, fatty acids and phthallic/anhydride, react in equimolar proportions to a low acid number, the individual molecules are undoubtedly mixed esters and consequently, there is very little free glycerol phthalate or free fatty acid triglyceride.

The alkyds, as finished solutions, are ready for cold blending with other resins or polymer solutions for use in clear finishes, or for use as vehicles in which to grind pigments prior to blending with other resin or polymer solutions for use in clear finishes; or for grinding with pigments to form finished alkyd paints. More than 90% of the alkyds produced are handled in one of these ways to produce some type of paint, varnish, or lacquer for industrial or home consumption. About half of the alkyds made are sold by their producers to others who carry out the final operations of manufacture of paint or other coating material.

Because of wide variety of commercial alkyds, they are further classified by the coatings industry. The following widely used classification is related chiefly to the kind of monobasic fatty acid in the alkyd.

1. Drying:- The monobasic fatty acid has an unsaturated structure present in sufficient quantity to cause a thin film (1-3 mils) of the alkyd to polymerize in the presence of oxygen at room temperature to give coherent, solid film.

2. Non-Drying:- The amount of unsaturated structure in the monobasic fatty acid is so low that little or no polymerization occurs with oxygen.

The drying alkyds are often used alone in coating vehicles, non-drying alkyds are blended with other polymeric materials to give finished products, obviously these classifications are somewhat arbitrary and various degrees of drying can-exist.

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Description

INTRODUCTION
USES AND APPLICATIONS
OTHER LARGE SCALE MANUFACTURING OPERATIONS THAT USE
ALKYDS INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING;
PROPERTIES AND SPPLICATION OF ALKYD RESIN
APPLICATIONS
B.I.S. SPECIFICATION
MARKET OVERVIEW OF ALKYD RESIN
SOME MAJOR APPLICATIONS
KEY MANUFACTURERS WORKING OUT
PROMINENT PLAYERS OPERATING IN THE GLOBAL ALKYD RESINS MARKET INCLUDE
MARKET SEGMENTATION OF SHORT OIL ALKYD RESIN
ON THE BASIS OF GRADE
ON THE BASIS OF CLASSIFICATION
ON THE BASIS OF END USE
SOME OF THE KEY MANUFACTURERS OF SHORT OIL ALKYD RESINS
BASIS OF ALKYD RESIN TECHNOLOGY
ALKYD RESINS ARE PRODUCED BY THREE MAIN PROCESSES:
PROCESS DESCRIPTION OF ALKYD RESIN
THE ADVANTAGES OF THIS PROCESS ARE:
SYNTHESIS FROM OILS OR FATTY ACIDS
MONOGLYCERIDE PROCESS:
FATTY ACID PROCESS:
MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF ALKYD RESIN
MOST COMMON METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ALKYD RESIN IS.
ALCOHOLYSIS METHOD
FATTY ACID METHOD
FORMULATION OF LONG ALKYD RESIN
FORMULATION OF SHORT ALKYD RESIN
FORMULATION OF MEDIUM ALKYD RESIN
DETAILS OF ALKYD RESIN MANUFACTURE
FATTY ACID METHOD
FATTY ACID-OIL METHOD
OIL-DILUTION METHOD
ALCOHOLYSIS METHOD
FUSION VERSUS SOLVENT PROCESSING
GENERAL PROCESSING AND DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
CHOICE OF CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
1. LINSEED OIL PENTAERYTHRITOL ALKYD RESIN
2. LINSEED OIL GLYCERINE SHORT OIL VARNISH ALKYD
3. SOYBEAN-OIL ALKYD MODIFIED WITH MALEIC
4. DEHYDRATED CASTOR OIL-PROPYLENE GLYCOL ALKYD
PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM
PRINCIPLES OF PLANT LAYOUT
MAJOR PROVISIONS IN ROAD PLANNING FOR MULTIPURPOSE
SERVICE ARE:
PLANT LOCATION FACTORS
1. RAW-MATERIAL SUPPLY:
2. MARKETS:
3. POWER AND FUEL SUPPLY:
4. WATER SUPPLY:
5. CLIMATE:
6. TRANSPORTATION:
7. WASTE DISPOSAL:
8. LABOR:
9. REGULATORY LAWS:
10. TAXES:
11. SITE CHARACTERISTICS:
12. COMMUNITY FACTORS:
13. VULNERABILITY TO WARTIME ATTACK:
14. FLOOD AND FIRE CONTROL:
EXPLANATION OF TERMS USED IN THE PROJECT REPORT
1. DEPRECIATION:
2. FIXED ASSETS:
3. WORKING CAPITAL:
4. BREAK-EVEN POINT:
5. OTHER FIXED EXPENSES:
6. MARGIN MONEY:
7. TOTAL LOAD:
8. LAND AREA/MAN POWER RATIO:
PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULES
INTRODUCTION
PROJECT HANDLING
PROJECT SCHEDULING
PROJECT CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE
TIME SCHEDULE
ADDRESSES OF RAW MATERIAL SUPPLIERS
ADDRESSES OF PLANT & MACHINERY SUPPLIERS

APPENDIX – A:

01. PLANT ECONOMICS
02. LAND & BUILDING
03. PLANT AND MACHINERY
04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS
05. FIXED CAPITAL
06. RAW MATERIAL
07. SALARY AND WAGES
08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT
11. COST OF PRODUCTION
12. TURN OVER/ANNUM
13. BREAK EVEN POINT
14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE
15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS
16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS
17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS
18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)

Additional information

Plant Capacity

3 Ton/Day
Land & Building

(4000 sq.mt.)
Plant & Machinery

US$ 1022857
Rate of Return

33%
Break Even Point

51%

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