AQUACULTURE PRAWN FARMING

India is endowed with a long coastline and hence offers scope for large exploitation of marine wealth. The marine Prawn production of India is about 40 per cent of the total of slightly about 40 per cent of the total of slightly over 4 million metric tons, coming from all over 4 million metric tons, coming from all the countries bordering the Indian Ocean. The Fisheries sector plays an important role in Indian economy contributing about role in Indian economy contributing about 1% to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP).
India is also an important country that produces Prawn through aquaculture in the world. India is home to more than 10 percent of the global Prawn diversity. Presently, the country ranks second in the world in total Prawn production with an annual Prawn production of about 9.06 million metric tons.
In the seventies fishermen started concentrating on catching prawns more commonly known as `shrimps’ due to high profitable return on the same on account of their export value. Brackish water prawn farming started in a big way during 91-94 especially in the coastal districts of Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu. Many small units continued to do farming and adopting extensive prawn farming systems. The shrimp farming has now been regulated with the establishment of Aquaculture Authority of India as per directions of Supreme Court for issuing licenses and overall supervision. It is commonly said that after Green and White Revolution in India, it is time for Blue Revolution to exploit the huge potential in fisheries sector. Shrimps are called the “Pinkish Gold” of the sea because of its universal appeal, unique taste, high unit value and increasing demand in the world market.

Prawn culturing is a commercial business unit. Culturing fresh water prawn is mainly because Freshwater prawn farming is not nearly as technically demanding or capital intensive as farming of sea prawns so it is a more accessible system for small-scale operators. In addition, freshwater prawn production tends to be more environmentally sustainable because prawns are territorial in nature and are stocked at lower densities. They can be farmed in warm climates wherever there is a suitable site with a good supply of fresh water.
Aquaculture in India is a very important economic activity and booming sector with a wide range of emerging potential. An unparalleled average annual growth rate of over 4.5 percent over the years which has placed the country in the forefront of global Prawn production, only after China. India ranks second in the world in total Prawn production with an annual Prawn production of about 9.06 million metric tons.
RAS is basically Recirculation Aquaculture Systems and it captures a new and unique way of rearing fish instead of using the old-style or outdoors method of rearing fish in open fish ponds. This system therefore helps in rearing fish at high densities, in indoor tanks with a well monitored environment. RAS commonly filter and clean the water for reusing back in the fish culture tanks. New water is however added to the tanks to recover the water that might have been lost through either splashed water, evaporation, and water that is used to flush out waste materials. Contrary to RAS, fish ponds and raceway systems pass the entire water through the pond or the tank and then is discarded and hence a lot of water is wasted in the process. For healthy and grown fish throughout the growing period clean water at an appropriate temperature, the right quantity of food per day and sufficient dissolved oxygen content are the fundamental requirements for optimum growth.
INTRODUCTION
LOCATION OF THE BUSINESS
DIFFERENT TYPES OF AQUACULTURE
FRESHWATER AQUACULTURE
BRACKISH WATER AQUACULTURE
MARICULTURE
INTRODUCTION TO RECIRCULATION AQUACULTURE
RECIRCULATING AQUACULTURE SYSTEMS (RAS)
WHAT ARE WATER RECIRCULATION AQUACULTURE SYSTEMS?
BENEFITS OF WATER RECIRCULATION AQUACULTURE SYSTEM DESIGNS
LOW WATER REQUIREMENTS
CONTROL OF WATER TEMPERATURE
PROTECTION FROM THE ELEMENTS AND POTENTIAL PREDATORS
CONTROL OF WATER QUALITY
RECIRCULATING AQUACULTURE SYSTEMS (RAS) TECHNOLOGY
THE RECIRCULATION SYSTEM, STEP BY STEP
COMPONENTS IN A RECIRCULATION SYSTEM
MECHANICAL FILTRATION
FUNCTION OF THE DRUMFILTER:
MICROSCREEN FILTRATION HAS THE FOLLOWING ADVANTAGES:
BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT
THE EFFICIENCY OF BIOFILTRATION DEPENDS PRIMARILY ON:
TWO MAJOR FACTORS AFFECT THE PH IN THE WATER RECIRCULATION SYSTEM:
RECOMMENDED WATER QUALITY REQUIREMENTS OF RECIRCULATING SYSTEMS
DEGASSING, AERATION, AND STRIPPING
OXYGENATION
ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT
OZONE
PH REGULATION
WATER TEMPERATURE REGULATION
PUMPS
EMERGENCY SYSTEM
CALCULATION, ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
TANK SIZE, NUMBER OF PRAWN AND AMOUNT OF WATER REQUIRED
BIOFILTER SIZING
AMMONIA REMOVAL RATE 0.65 GM-2 OF BIOFILTER;
THE REQUIRED BIO FILTER SURFACE AREA, BSA CAN BE CALCULATED A FOLLOWS;
WATER FLOW RATE
PUMP HYDRAULIC POWER
ADAVANTAGE & DISADVANTAGE OF RAS
ADVANTAGES OF RECIRCULATION AQUACULTURE SYSTEMS
DISADVANTAGES OF RECIRCULATION AQUACULTURE SYSTEMS
COMMERCIAL AQUACULTURE: SOLUTIONS & TROUBLESHOOTING
BIOLOGY AND LIFE CYCLES OF PRAWNS
THE BASIC PRAWN
COLOUR CHANGES
MOULTING
FOOD AND FEEDING
REPRODUCTION
LIFE CYCLES AND AGE
BIOLOGY AND LIFE HISTORY OF FRESHWATER PRAWNS
BREEDING:-
LARVAE:-
POSTLARVAE
ADULT
FARM CAPACITY & PRODUCT
WHY MACROBRACHIUM ROSENBERGII?
PRICE
FARM CAPACITY
MARKET SURVEY
VIRTUAL AND PRINT MEDIA PROMOTION
EXPORT PRODUCTION THROUGH AQUACULTURE:
TABLE – 1: STATE WISE DETAILS OF TIGER SHRIMP FARMING 2015-16
STATE-WISE AREA UTILIZED AND PRODUCTION FROM TIGER SHRIMP FARMS
TREND IN AQUACULTURE PRODUCTION OF TIGER SHRIMP AND L.
VANNAMEI IN INDIA
STATE WISE PRODUCTION DETAILS OF L.VANNAMEI IN 2015-16
STATE-WISE AREA UTILIZED AND PRODUCTION FROM L VANNAMEI FARMS
COMPARISON OF TOTAL SHRIMP & SCAMPI PRODUCTION FROM
AQUACULTURE IN 2014-15 AND 2015-16
STATE-WISE CULTURE PRODUCTION OF NEW EXPORTABLE SPECIES DURING 2015-16
ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
MANAGER CUM MARKETING:
AQUACULTURE OFFICER:
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS:-
TECHNICAL/FUNCTIONAL SKILLS
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
EXAMPLE:–
GROW-OUT IN PONDS — THE POND CYCLE
CONVERSION OF ADULT PRAWN INTO KG (MACROBRACHIUM ROSENBERGII)
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
PRAWN FARMING (POND)
SITE SELECTION
SOIL QUALITY
WATER QUALITY
POND CONSTRUCTION
WATER SUPPLY AND DRAINAGE
FARM MANAGEMENT
EXTENSION SERVICES
MARKETING
MARGIN MONEY AND BANK LOAN
FINANCIAL VIABILITY
RATE OF INTEREST
REPAYMENT PERIOD
SECURITY
ESTIMATED FINANCIAL OUTLAY FOR GIANT FRESH WATER
PRAWN (MACROBRAHIUM RESENBERGII) CULTURE IN 1 HA WATER AREA
SHRIMP FARMING IN COASTAL DISTRICTS
SITE SELECTION:-
DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF PRAWN FARM:
GENERAL EARTH WORK
THE ESSENTIAL COMPONENTS OF A PRAWN FARM ARE :-
PONDS
GATES
DRAIN CANALS
POND PREPARATION
SELECTIVE STOCKING :
FOOD AND FEEDING
HARVESTING:
USE OF CHEMICALS AND DRUGS
SOME EXTERNAL LABORATORIES
MACHINERY PHOTOGRAPHS
DEGASSING TANK
RAW MATERIAL & PODUCT PHOTOGRAPHS
EQUIPMENT SUPPLIERS
COMMON TREATMENTS
RAW MATERIAL SUPPLIER
RECOMMENDATION
AQUACULTURE POLICY:-
ROUTINES AND PROCEDURES
DAILY OR WEEKLY:
WEEKLY OR MONTHLY:
6-12 MONTHS:
LIST OF PRAWN SPECIES
KEY PLAYERS
POTENTIAL COLLABORATION OPPORTUNITIES

APPENDIX – A:

1.      COST OF PLANT ECONOMICS
2.      LAND & BUILDING
3.      PLANT AND MACHINERY
4.      FIXED CAPITAL INVESTMENT
5.      RAW MATERIAL
6.      SALARY AND WAGES
7.      UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
8.      TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
9.      COST OF PRODUCTION
10.      PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS
11.      BREAK EVEN POINT
12.      RESOURCES OF FINANCE
13.      INTEREST CHART
14.      DEPRECIATION CHART
15.      CASH FLOW STATEMENT
16.      PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET