BRASS AND SS BALL VALVE

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Ball valves are used to shut-off pressurised media in pipes or hoses

A ball valve is a rotational motion valve that uses a ball-shaped disk to stop or start fluid flow.

The ball performs the same function as the disk in the globe valve. When the valve handle is turned to open the valve, the ball rotates to a point where the hole through the ball is in line with the valve body inlet and outlet. When the valve is shut, the ball is rotated so that the hole is perpendicular to the flow openings of the valve body and the flow is stopped.

Most ball valve actuators are of the quick-acting type, which require a 90??turn of the valve handle to operate the valve. Other ball valve actuators are planetary gear-operated. This type of gearing allows the use of a relatively small handwheel and operating force to operate a fairly.

Some ball valves have been developed with a spherical surface coated plug that is off to one side in the open position and rotates into the flow passage until it blocks the flowpath completely.

Seating is accomplished by the eccentric movement of the plug. The valve requires no lubrication and can be used for throttling service.

The ball valve is a quarter-turn valve suitable for clean gas, compressed air, and liquid service. They also can be used for slurry service, but provisions for prevention of crud buildup must be made. The use of soft-seat materials such as nylon, delrin, synthetic rubbers, and fluorinated polymers imparts excellent sealing ability.

Fig. 1: Ball valve in closed position

With fluorinated polymer seats, ball valves can be used for service temperatures ranging from 450 to 500 F ( 270 to 260 C); with graphite seats, service temperatures to 1000 F (538 C) or even higher are possible. Also, with metal backing seats, the valves can be used in fire-safe services. Ball valves are similar to plug valves in operation. They are nonbinding and provide leak-tight closure. The valves exhibit negligible resistance to flow because of their smooth body and port.

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Description

INTRODUCTION
FIG. 1: BALL VALVE IN CLOSED POSITION
MATERIALS FOR BALL VALVES
1. PVC
2. CPVC
3. BRONZE AND BRASS
4. IRON
5. STAINLESS STEEL
CONSTRUCTION OF A BALL VALVE
FIG. 2: LUBRICANT-SEAL SYSTEM IN A BALL VALVE
TYPES OF BALL VALVES
SPLIT-BODY BALL VALVE
FIG. 3: BALL VALVES, SPLIT BODY, REGULAR PORT, FLANGED ENDS
TOP-ENTRY BALL VALVE
FIG. 4: BALL VALVES, TOP ENTRY, REGULAR PORT, SOCKET WELD ENDS
END-ENTRY BALL VALVE
THREE-PIECE — BODY BALL VALVE
DOUBLE TRUNNION BALL VALVES
LUBRICATED OR NON-LUBRICATED BALL VALVES
ADVANTAGES OF BALL VALVES
DISADVANTAGES OF BALL VALVES
TYPICAL APPLICATIONS OF BALL VALVES
B.I.S. SPECIFICATION
PROCESS FLOW CHART
MANUFACTURING PROCESS
1. PROCUREMENT OF BRASS BILLET
2. CUTTING THE BRASS BILLET FOR REQUIRED SIZE FOR BALL AND VALE BODY
3. HEATING THE BRASS BILLET UP TO FORGING TEMP.
4. CLOSE-DIE FORGING PROCESS
ADVANTAGES OF CLOSED DIE FORGING:
HIGH STRENGTH
LEAK RESISTANCE
CLOSE TOLERANCES
LOW OVERALL COST
5. TRIMMING AND CLIPPING
6. DIP FINISHING
7. HEAT TREATMENT
ANNEALING
ANNEALING (FULL)
STRESS RELIEVING
TEMPER ANNEALING
8. MACHINING
9. QUALITY CONTROL
ACTIVITIES
INSPECTION OF PACKING AND DISPATCH
INSPECTION OF IN-COMING MATERIALS
IN-PROCESS INSPECTION
FINAL INSPECTION
CONTROL OF MEASURING, INSPECTION TOOLS AND TEST EQUIPMENTS
10. TESTING
HYDROSTATIC TESTING
LOW PRESSURE GAS SEAT TESTING
HIGH PRESSURE GAS TESTING
HIGH TEMPERATURE TESTING
FUGITIVE EMISSION TESTING
ANTISTATIC TESTING
TORQUE TESTING
CAVITY RELIEF TESTING
DOUBLE BLOCK & BLEED (DBB) TESTING
11. PACKAGING
MARKET POSITION
MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION
MARKET OVERVIEW
PRINCIPLES OF PLANT LAYOUT
MAJOR PROVISIONS IN ROAD PLANNING FOR MULTIPURPOSE SERVICE ARE:
PLANT LOCATION FACTORS
PRIMARY FACTORS
1. RAW-MATERIAL SUPPLY:
2. MARKETS:
3. POWER AND FUEL SUPPLY:
4. WATER SUPPLY:
5. CLIMATE:
6. TRANSPORTATION:
7. WASTE DISPOSAL:
8. LABOR:
9. REGULATORY LAWS:
10. TAXES:
11. SITE CHARACTERISTICS:
12. COMMUNITY FACTORS:
13. VULNERABILITY TO WARTIME ATTACK:
14. FLOOD AND FIRE CONTROL:
EXPLANATION OF TERMS USED IN THE PROJECT REPORT
1. DEPRECIATION:
2. FIXED ASSETS:
3. WORKING CAPITAL:
4. BREAK-EVEN POINT:
5. OTHER FIXED EXPENSES:
6. MARGIN MONEY:
7. TOTAL LOAD:
8. LAND AREA/MAN POWER RATIO:
PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULES
INTRODUCTION
PROJECT HANDLING
PROJECT SCHEDULING
PROJECT CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE
TIME SCHEDULE
PLANT LAYOUT
SUPPLIERS OF BRASS AND SS BALL VALVE
SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS
SUPPLIERS OF BRASS BILLET
SUPPLIERS OF SS BILLET
SUPPLIERS OF FKM O-RING AND PTFE SEAL
SUPPLIERS OF NICKEL INGOT
SUPPLIERS OF PICKLING ACIDS
SUPPLIERS OF PACKING MATERIALS
SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND MACHINERY
SUPPLIERS OF BILLET CUTTING MACHINE
SUPPLIERS OF ELECTROPLATING PLANT
SUPPLIERS OF ANNEALING FURNACES
SUPPLIERS OF HEAT TREATMENT FURNACE
SUPPLIERS OF HARDNESS TESTING MACHINE
SUPPLIERS OF CLOSE DIE HOT FORGING MACHINE
SUPPLIERS OF FORGING DIES
SUPPLIERS OF INDUCTION HEATING FURNACE
SUPPLIERS OF CNC LATHE MACHINE
SUPPLIERS OF CNC MACHINING CENTRE
SUPPLIERS OF METAL TESTING MACHINE
SUPPLIERS OF DG SETS
SUPPLIERS OF EOT CRANES
SUPPLIERS OF POWER TRANSFORMERS
SUPPLIERS OF ELECTRICAL PANEL
SUPPLIERS OF ELECTRIC MOTOR
SUPPLIERS OF COOLING TOWER
SUPPLIERS OF EFFULENT TREATMENT PLANT (ETP PLANT)
SUPPLIERS OF AIR POLLUTION CONTROL EQUIPMENTS
SUPPLIERS OF AIR CONDITIONING EQUIPMENTS
SUPPLIERS OF AIR COMPRESSORS
SUPPLIERS OF PLATFORM WEIGHING MACHINE
SUPPLIERS OF MATERIAL HANDLING EQUIPMENTS
SUPPLIERS OF FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENTS
SUPPLIERS OF SHOT BLASTING MACHINE
SUPPLIERS OF JIGS AND FIXTURE
SUPPLIERS OF SUBMERSIBLE WATER PUMP

APPENDIX – A:

01. PLANT ECONOMICS
02. LAND & BUILDING
03. PLANT AND MACHINERY
04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS
05. FIXED CAPITAL
06. RAW MATERIAL
07. SALARY AND WAGES
08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT
11. COST OF PRODUCTION
12. TURN OVER/ANNUM
13. BREAK EVEN POINT
14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE
15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS
16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS
17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS
18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)

Additional information

Plant Capacity

8000 Nos/Day
Land & Building

(2500 sq.mt.)
Plant & Machinery

US$ 370000
Rate of Return

50%
Break Even Point

38%

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