DAIRY FARMING
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HOLSTEIN FRIESIAN COW (HF COW)
Holstein Friesians (often shortened as Friesians in Europe, and Holsteins in North America) are a breed of cattleknown today as the world’s highest-production dairy animals. Originating in Europe, Friesians were bred in what is now the Netherlands and more specifically in the two northern provinces of North Holland and Friesland, and northern Germany, more specifically what is now Schleswig-Holstein Germany. The animals were the regional cattle of the Frisians and the Saxons. The Dutch breeders bred and oversaw the development of the breed with the goal of obtaining animals that could best use grass, the area’s most abundant resource. Over the centuries, the result was a high-producing, black-and-white dairy cow. It is black and white due to artificial selection by the breeders.
With the growth of the New World markets began to develop for milk in North America and South America, and dairy breeders turned to the Netherlands for their livestock. After about 8,800 Friesians (black pied Germans) had been imported, disease problems in Europe led to the cessation of exports to markets abroad.
Description
INTRODUCTION
HOLSTEIN FRIESIAN COW (HF COW)
MILK PRODUCTION
DAIRY FARMING IN INDIA
1. IT IS ADVISABLE TO FEED ANIMAL WITH WET/COOKED FEED.
2. WATER REQUIREMENT CAN BE FULFILLED WITH 2/3 TIMES IN A DAY.
3. ANIMAL SHOULD BE FED CONTINUOUSLY THROUGHOUT THE DAY.
4. ANIMAL GIVES MORE MILK WITH MORE CONCENTRATE FEED.
5. THE ANIMAL’S MINERAL REQUIREMENT IS MET TOTALLY THROUGH
THE FEED & FODDER.
6. NATURAL SERVICE IS BETTER THAN ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION.
7. ANIMAL SHOULD FED ONLY GRASS DURING THE DRY PERIOD.
B.I.S. SPECIFICATION
CATTLE FEED
IN GENERAL PRACTICE THE FOLLOWING COMPOSITION IS FOLLOWED
FOR CATTLE FEED.
SOME MORE FORMULATIONS ARE AS FOLLOWS: –
MARKET SURVEY
THE INDIAN DAIRY FARM
DAIRY FARM:
DAIRY INDUSTRY IN INDIA
DAIRY FARMERS/CONSULTANTS IN INDIA (FEW)
MANUFACTURING PROCESS
MILKING BY HAND
COOLING & STORING MILK
FILTRATION:
STANDARDIZATION
HOMOGENIZATION:
CLARIFICATION:
PASTEURIZATION:-
REFRIGERATION OR FREEZING SYSTEM
TESTING:-
PACKING:-
MANUFACTURE, PACKAGING AND STORAGE OF PASTEURIZED MILK
PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM
SUPPLIERS OF PLANT & MACHINERIES
MILKING MACHINE
MILK CHILLER
MILK RECEPTION TANKS
SUPPLIERS OF CATTLES
AYRSHIRE
CATTLE FEED MANUFACTURERS AND SUPPLIERS
APPENDIX – A:
1. COST OF PLANT ECONOMICS
2. LAND & BUILDING
3. PLANT AND MACHINERY
4. FIXED CAPITAL INVESTMENT
5. RAW MATERIAL
6. SALARY AND WAGES
7. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
8. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
9. COST OF PRODUCTION
10. PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS
11. BREAK EVEN POINT
12. RESOURCES OF FINANCE
13. INTEREST CHART
14. DEPRECIATION CHART
15. CASH FLOW STATEMENT
16. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET
