DISTILLED WATER

        The United States Pharmacopeia (USP) defines several types of water including: Purified Water, Water for Injection, Sterile Purified Water, Sterile Water for Injection, Sterile Bacteriostatic Water for Injection, Sterile Water for Inhalation, and Sterile Water for Irrigation.  The USP states qualifications for sterility and packaging methods that delineate between the various specific types of water.  However, there are two basic types of water preparation, Water for Injection and Purified Water.  The analytical standards for these two types of water are very similar, differing in the fact that Water for Injection has stricter bacterial count standards and must also pass the bacterial endotoxin test.  Preparation methods are very similar to a point, however, Water for Injection preparation must incorporate distillation or double pass reverse osmosis.  Discussion of the various methodologies used in preparation of USP water applies equally to Purified Water (PW) and Water for Injection (WFI).

The source water supplied to the purification system for preparation of USP water must comply with drinking water standards as defined by the United States Environmental Protection Agency in the National Primary Drinking Water Regulations or equivalent international regulations.  Although the water source must be safe to drink, there is quite a range of problematic contaminants that may be present in the water.  Chlorine is most certainly present in the water and will have to be removed at some point in the purification process.

Project Report Covers:

Introduction
Uses and Applications
Properties
Market Survey with future aspects
Present Manufacturers
B.I.S. Specifications
Manufacturing Process with Formulae
Cost Economics with Profitability Analysis
Capacity
Land & Building Requirements with Rates
List & Details of Plant and Machinery with their Costs
Raw Materials
Details/List and Costs
Power & Water Requirements
Labour/Staff Requirements
Utilities and Overheads
Total Capital Investment
Turnover
Cost of Production
Break Even Point
Profitability
Land Man Ratio
Suppliers of Plant & Machineries and Raw Materials.