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Lead Acid Storage Batteries is an electro-chemical system that converts electrical energy into direct current electricity. It is also known as storage batteries and has wide applications in Automobiles, UPS/Inverters, Traction/Electrical Sub-Station, Telecommunication, Solar Photovoltaic system etc.
Working Principle of Lead Acid Battery
The storage battery or secondary battery is such battery where electrical energy can be stored as chemical energy and this chemical energy is then converted to electrical energy as when required. The conversion of electrical energy into chemical energy by applying external electrical source is known as charging of battery. Whereas conversion of chemical energy into electrical energy for supplying the external load is known as discharging of secondary battery. During charging of battery, current is passed through it which causes some chemical changes inside the battery. This chemical changes absorb energy during their formation.
When the battery is connected to the external load, the chemical changes take place in reverse direction, during which the absorbed energy is released as electrical energy and supplied to the load. Now we will try to understand principle working of lead acid battery and for that we will first discuss about lead acid battery which is very commonly used as storage battery or secondary battery
MATERIALS USED FOR LEAD ACID STORAGE BATTERY CELLS
The main active materials required to construct a lead-acid battery are
1. Lead peroxide (PbO2)
2. Sponge lead (Pb) and
3. Dilute sulfuric acid (H2SO4).
Lead Peroxide (PbO2)
The positive plate is made of lead peroxide. This is dark brown, hard and brittle substance.
Sponge Lead (Pb)
The negative plate is made of pure lead in soft sponge condition.
Dilute Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4)
Dilute sulfuric acid used for lead acid battery has ration of water: acid = 3:1.
INTRODUCTION
TYPES OF LEAD ACID BATTERY
DIFF BETWEEN FLAT PLATE AND TUBULAR LEAD ACID BATTERY
THE FLAT PASTED PLATE
CONSTRUCTION OF LEAD ACID BATTERY
USES AND APPLICATION
B.I.S. SPECIFICATION
MARKET SURVEY
MANUFACTURERS/SUPPLIERS OF LEAD ACID BATTERY
MANUFACTURING PROCESS
MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF PVC BATTERY CONTAINER
MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF FLAT PLATE
PROCESS FLOW CHART
PRINCIPLES OF PLANT LAYOUT
PLANT LOCATION FACTORS
EXPLANATION OF TERMS USED IN THE PROJECT REPORT
PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULES
PLANT LAYOUT
SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND MACHINERY
SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIAL
APPENDIX – A :
1. COST OF PLANT ECONOMICS
2. LAND & BUILDING
3. PLANT AND MACHINERY
4. FIXED CAPITAL INVESTMENT
5. RAW MATERIAL
6. SALARY AND WAGES
7. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
8. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
9. COST OF PRODUCTION
10. PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS
11. BREAK EVEN POINT
12. RESOURCES OF FINANCE
13. INTEREST CHART
14. DEPRECIATION CHART
15. CASH FLOW STATEMENT
16. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET
| Plant Capacity | 40.00 Nos./day |
|---|---|
| Land & Building | (5000 Sq.Mtr) Rs. 2.90 Cr |
| Plant and Machineries | Rs. 1.76 Cr |
| Working Capital for 2 Months | Rs. 1.01 Cr |
| Total Capital Investment | Rs. 6.07 Cr |
| Rate of Return | 48% |
| Break Even Point | 46% |
