Description
INTRODUCTION
PROPERTIES OF LEAD
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
THERMAL PROPERTIES
TYPES/GRADES
SPECIFICATIONS OF RECYCLED LEAD
USES AND APPLICATIONS
THE FOLLOWING ARE THE APPLICATION AREAS OF LEAD:
LEAD CAN BE FORMED INTO MANY USEFUL COMPOUNDS.
SOME ARE LISTED BELOW WITH THEIR SPECIFIC APPLICATION AREAS:
TYPICAL USES
TYPICAL HISTORICAL USES FOR LEAD INCLUDED:
TYPICAL CURRENT USES FOR LEAD INCLUDE:
B.I.S. SPECIFICATION
MARKET SCENARIO
INTERNAL DEMAND
APPARENT CONSUMPTION
FUTURE DEMAND
DEMAND FORECAST BASED ON CAGR AND GDP GROWTH
DEMAND PROJECTIONS BASED ON SECTOR WISE GROWTH
LEAD INGOTS EXPORT FROM INDIA
MANUFACTURERS/SUPPLIERS OF LEAD INGOT
PROCESS FLOW CHART
MANUFACTURING PROCESS
MAINLY TWO TYPES PROCESS ARE USED WHICH ARE GIVEN BELOW:
(1) VARTA PROCESS
(2) MA & CX PROCESS
BATTERY SCRAPS PREPARATION.
BATTERY BREAKING PROCESS
BATTERY BREAKING
AUTOMOTIVE BATTERY BREAKING
MANUAL
TUMBLER
SINK/FLOAT PROCESS
INDUSTRIAL BATTERY BREAKING
PASTE DE-SULPHURISATION
RAW MATERIALS PROCESSING > CHARGE PREPARATION/DRYING
DRYING
HANDLING AND TRANSPORT
BELT CONVEYORS
POTENTIAL SOURCE OF EXPOSURE:
SCREW CONVEYORS
BUCKET ELEVATORS AND DRAG CHAINS/LINES
SMELTING PROCESS (LEAD REDUCTION)
SMELTING CAN BE CARRIED OUT IN THE FOLLOWING VESSELS:
REFINING PROCESS
PYROMETALLURGICAL REFINING
CASTING
DROSSING
POLLUTION CONTROL PROCESS
EMISSION
CONTROLS
POLLUTION MANAGEMENT PLAN
LEAD PLANT POLLUTION CONTROL
POLLUTION CONTROL MEASURES PROVIDED
WORKING OF THE SYSTEM
SETTLING CHAMBER:
GRAVITY CHAMBER/ COOLING TOWER:
CYCLONE:
BAG HOUSE:
STACK:
PLANT AND MACHINERY
BATTERY CUTTING MACHINE
BREAKING SYSTEM & SEPARATION OF COMPONENTS:
BENEFITS:
BATTERY HYDRO SEPARATION SYSTEM/BATTERY BREAKER
ADVANTAGES:
BHS WORKING PRINCIPLE:
BHS OPERATION:
ROTARY FURNACE
ABOUT ROTARY FURNACE
FURNACE CHARGING MACHINE:
3 STAGE AIR POLLUTION CONTROL EQUIPMENT
POLLUTION CONTROL & WASTE MANAGEMENT
DUST COLLECTOR
CYCLONE
COOLING TOWER
SPARK ARRESTER
BAG HOUSE
WET SCRUBBER
CHIMNEY 80
LEAD INGOT CASTING MACHINE
INTRODUCTION
OPERATING PRINCIPLE
MODEL OF INGOT CASTING MACHINE:
ADVANTAGES:
LEAD REFINING FURNACE
LEAD ALLOYING
ADVANTAGES:
BLAST FURNACE
GBF BLAST FURNACES:
PLANT LAYOUT
SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS
SUPPLIERS OF LEAD ACID BATTERY SCRAP
SODA ASH
COKE
IRON
SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND MACHINERY
SUPPLIERS OF LEAD SMELTING PLANT
EOT CRANE
DG SETS
POWER TRANSFORMERS
COOLING TOWER
ETP PLANTS
AIR POLLUTION CONTROL EQUIPMENTS
AIR COMPRESSORS
PLATFORM WEIGHING MACHINE
MATERIAL HANDLING EQUIPMENTS
FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENTS
ELECTRICAL MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
SUBMERSIBLE WATER PUMP
APPENDIX – A:
1. COST OF PLANT ECONOMICS
2. LAND & BUILDING
3. PLANT AND MACHINERY
4. FIXED CAPITAL INVESTMENT
5. RAW MATERIAL
6. SALARY AND WAGES
7. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
8. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
9. COST OF PRODUCTION
10. PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS
11. BREAK EVEN POINT
12. RESOURCES OF FINANCE
13. INTEREST CHART
14. DEPRECIATION CHART
15. CASH FLOW STATEMENT
16. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET