LIVE STOCK AND FARMING (INTEGRATED UNIT) (Cow (Gir & Sahiwal) Dairy farm, Biogas production, Goat farming, Fish & Duck Farming, Desi chicken Rearing, Resort, Function hall with Mini water park, Pomegranate farming, Banana farming & Vegetable farming)

Odisha has 13million Deshi (Non descript zebu) cattle yielding only @ 0.46 liters of milk (average) per day including 67000 Binjharpuri breed cattle in Jajpur district cows of which yield @ 4liters/day av. People rear zebu mainly for manure and work. On the other hand cattle cross- breeds! (actually meaning crossing of 2 breeds) has failed to be popular.

Yet we need to reach at least 5 times the present production 1350,000 MT (Ref. India Livestock Census; Basic A. H. Statistics 2006 Govt. of India) To boost up milk production in Odisha 5 breeds of Bos Taurus were introduced in sixties but farmers did not like to propagate exotic blood and the rapid disillusionment was seen in the dwindling Jersey & Holstein cross numbers after 1995 (Refer Livestock in Orissa: The Socio- Economic Perspective by M.P.G Kurup; page 46 ). Till date, in spite of vigorous, constant & unreasonable effort by the Govt. to promote Jersey & Holstein as donor breeds, the exercise has not sustained.

5 reasons for promoting Gir as donor breed in Odisha:

1.    Milk yield at par with Jersey. Bullocks are good workers.
2.    Disease resistant & lesser breeding failures.
3.    Heat, Humidity & Drought tolerant.
4.    Indian, Intelligent yet docile.
5.    Ghee & Urine can be sold at high price.

The importance of milk in human diet especially for children and expectant and nursing matters is vital. To meet the demand of the increasing population milk production in India has to be increased upto about 64 million tones. It is neither possible nor desirable to increase the cattle and buffalo population to achieve this target. This can only be achieved by stepping up milk production of our bovine population by cross breeding of cows and use of improved cows and buffaloes.

Unlike rich countries like the U.K. and the U.S. dairying in India is a subsidiary occupation of almost all the farmers. More than 60 percent of the families involved in dairying belong  to the small or marginal farmers or even agricultural laborers. Thus the dairy cattle or buffalo rearing has vast scope for improving economic and in turn, the nutrational status of  such people mainly  coming from rural area.  This will also help in achieving  the balance between economic development of urban  and rural population.

The development and maintenance of a superior dairy herd can be a source of considerable pride and satisfaction. Success in dairy farming, like any professional achievement, does not come easily. It requires the very best of of anyone’s ability to properly manage, feed, and breed a good herd of cows.  The job discussions which follow present important factors involved in making a start in dairying.

INTRODUCTION
5 REASONS FOR PROMOTING GIR AS DONOR BREED IN ODISHA:
TOGGENBURG:-
ALPINE:-
SAANEN:-
ANGLO-NUBIAN:-
ANGORA:-
ROCKY MOUNTAIN GOAT:-
ORIGIN AND DISTRIBUTION
INDIAN STANDARDS
STANDARDS OF DIFFERENT MILKS IN INDIA
ADVANTAGES OF COMMERCIAL DAIRY COW FARMING
COMPOSITION OF MILK
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF MILK OF DIFFERENT SPECIES
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF MILK OF INDIAN BREEDS
THE DETAILED COMPOSITION OF MILK IS GIVEN IN TABLE
SOME PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MILK
BACTERIOLOGICAL STANDARDS OF RAW MILK
CATTLE FEED:-
SOME MORE FORMULATIONS ARE AS FOLLOWS: -G
MARKET SURVEY
INDIAN DAIRY INDUSTRY
REFLECTING IN ENHANCED PROTEIN CONSUMPTION IN FORM OF DAIRY PRODUCTS IN INDIA.
LOOKING BEYOND THE HORIZON
LOOKING BEYOND THE HORIZON OPPORTUNITIES
OVERVIEW OF FISHERIES IN ODISHA
ISSUES AND CHALLENGES
RATIONALE
VISION 2020 & MISSION
STATISTICAL PROFILE OF AGRICULTURE LIVESTOCK, DAIRYING AND
ALLIED IN ODISHA
TABLE: NET STATE DOMESTIC PRODUCT (NSDP) AND PER CAPITA INCOME
TABLE: VALUE OF OUTPUT: AGRICULTURE AND LIVESTOCK
TABLE: APPROVED PROJECT COST FOR DAIRYING UNDER RASHTRIYA
KRISHI VIKAS YOJANA (RKVY) IN ODISHA
TABLE: APPROVED PROJECT COST FOR ANIMAL HUSBANDRY UNDER RASHTRIYA KRISHI VIKAS YOJANA (RKVY) IN ODISHA
MILK PRODUCTION IN ODISHA
PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE
TABLE: YEAR-WISE IN-MILK BOVINE POPULATION, MILK YIELD AND MILK PRODUCTION
PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE: ANIMAL POPULATION
TABLE: YEAR AND DISTRICT-WISE IN-MILK BOINE POPULATION
PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE: MILK PRODUCTION
TABLE: YEAR AND DISTRICT-WISE TOTAL MILK PRODUCTION DENSITY
SUPPLIERS OF CATTLES/DAIRY FARMERS
METHOD OF DAIRY COW FARMING
DAIRY COW BREEDS
HOUSING
FEEDING
CARE & MANAGEMENT
MILKING
COOLING & STORING MILK
FILTRATION
HOMOGENIZATION
CLARIFICATION
PASTEURIZATION
REFRIGERATION OR FREEZING SYSTEM
TESTING
PACKING
PROCESS FLOW SHEET DIAGRAM FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF HOMOGENIZED & PASTEURIZED MILK
DETAILS AND CONSIDERATIONS SIROHI GOAT
SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS
SIROHI GOAT | BREED PROFILE
INDIAN BREEDS OF GOATS
GOAT BREEDS IN INDIA:-
BREEDING OF GOAT
SCOPE FOR GOAT REARING
AND IT’S NATIONAL IMPORTANCE
FEEDS FOR GOATS
SIROHI GOAT FARMING FOR MEAT PRODUCTION    85
GOAT FARM MANAGEMENT
HOUSING (GOATS SHEDS):-
DETECTION OF HEAT AND BREEDING:
KID MANAGEMENT:-
HEALTH:-
TESTING:-
FEEDING:-
THE DAILY NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR AN ADULT GOAT IS SUMMARIZED BELOW:-
WHILE COMPUTING RATION SCHEDULE FOLLOWING FACTORS WERE CONSIDERED.
FEED SCHEDULE FOR GOATS
GROWING STOCK:-
FEEDING TO GOATS
CROPPING PATTERN
COMPOUNDING CHEAP CONCENTRATE MIXTURE:
CARE TO NEWLY BORN KIDS
FOLLOW FEEDING SCHEDULE AS GIVEN BELOW:-
EASILY DIGESTIBLE FEED & MILK REPLACER TO KIDS
CHEAP & LOOSE HOUSING FOR GOATS
MAINTAINING PROPER & SIMPLE RECORDS
DISEASES AND THEIR TREATMENTS
VACCINATION AGAINST DISEASES
CONTROL OF ECTOPARASITES
PROTECTION FROM COLD DOUGHT
FIRST-AID INSTRUMENTS AND MEDICINES FOR SMALL GOAT FARM
MERITS OF THE GOBAR GAS (BIO GAS)
THE MERITS OF THE BIO GAS ARE DESCRIBED BELOW:-
TECHNICAL ASPECT:-
(INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF GOBAR GAS PLANT)
PRODUCTION
LANDFILL GAS
TECHNICAL
MODELS OF BIO GAS PLANT
DRUMLESS BIOGAS PLANT
WORKING ON JANATA BIOGAS PLANT:-
DESIGN DETAILS:-
HEIGHT OF THE LOWER PART OF THE DIGESTER:-
CONSTRUCTION OF A JANATA BIOGAS PLANT:-
THE THICKNESS OF THE ARCH IS 115 MM.
COMPOSITION OF BIO GAS
PROBLEM WITH BIO GAS
PROCESS OF BIO GAS PRODUCTION
ROHU FISH AND ITS CHARACTERISTICS
CHARACTERISTICS OF CATLA FISH
HABITAL AND BIOLOGY OF MRIGAL
HEALTH BENEFITS OF POMEGRANATE
VARIETIES AND NAMES OF POMEGRANATE
HEALTH BENEFITS OF CAPSICUM
THE FOLLOWING ARE SOME OF THE HEALTH BENEFITS OF CAPSICUM.
METHOD OF ROHU FISH FARMING
METHOD OF CATLE FISH BREEDING & FARMING
METHOD OF MRIGAL FISH FARMING
FINGERLING PRODUCTION
ONGROWING TECHNIQUES
HARVESTING TECHNIQUES
HANDLING AND PROCESSING
FISH POND DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
FISH POND DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
LAND AREA
WATER SUPPLY
SOIL
POND DESIGN AND LAYOUT
SPECIFIC DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
QUANTITY OF WATER NEEDED
STEPS TO POND CONSTRUCTION
BUILDING YOUR POND
MANAGEMENT GUIDE OF DUCKS FARMING
BREEDS
INCUBATION
BROODING (0-4 WEEKS)
REARING (15-16 WEEKS)
ADULT STOCK (ABOVE 17 WEEKS OF AGE)
WATER
FEEDING
SUGGESTED NUTRIENT REQUIREMENTS FOR EGG & MEAT TYPE DUCK
FEED SCALE FOR KHAKI CAMPBELL DUCK
AVERAGE BODY WEIGHT AND FEED CONSUMPTION OF BROILER DUCKS
AT 6 WEEKS OF AGE
POLLOWED AT C.P.D.O.(SR)
CATCHNING AND HANDLING
HEALTH COVER
VACCINATION SCHEDULE
VACCINE CAN BE OBTAINED FROM:-
DO’S AND DON’TS IN VACCINATION
IMPORTANT DISEASES OF DUCKS
SOME OF THE COMMON DISEASES ARE:-
DUCK VIRAL HEPATITIS
DUCK CHOLERA
BOTULISM
PARASITES
AFLATOXICOSIS
PERFORMANCE CHART OF KHAKHI CAMPBELL (EGG TYPE)
PERFORMANCE CHART OF VIGOVA SUPER-M (MEAT TYPE)
DETAILS OF COUNTRY/DESI CHICKEN REARING
MANAGEMENT AND HEALTH COVER:
FARMING FEED:
BROODING IN COUNTRY CHICKEN FARMING:
PREPARATION OF POULTRY SHED/HOUSE:
ONE DAY BEFORE ARRIVAL OF CHICKS:
ON ARRIVAL OF CHICKS:
FLOOR SPACE:
RELATIVE HUMIDITY:
VENTILATION:
FEEDERS/DRINKERS:
BEAK TRIMMING:
GROWER MANAGEMENT:
HOUSING:
WATER RESTRICTIONS:
DETAILS & METHOD OF POMEGRANATE FARMING
INTERCULTURAL OPERATIONS IN POMEGRANATE CULTIVATION:
SOIL, CLIMATE AND VARIETY OF BANANA
SOIL FOR BANANA CULTIVATION:
CLIMATE FOR BANANA:
VARIETIES OF BANANA
METHOD OF BANANA CULTIVATION
AGRO CLIMATE & SOIL
SOIL
PLANTING MATERIAL
PLANTING TIME
NUTRIENTS REQUIRED BY BANANAS
CROP GEOMETRY
PLANTING METHOD
FERTILIZING
MULCH
WEEDING
WATER MANAGEMENT – FERTIGATION
INTERCROP
SPECIAL OPERATIONS
PEST AND DISEASE MANAGEMENT
HARVESTING
STORAGE
POST HARVEST HANDLING
VARIETIES OF CAPSICUM
CULTIVATION PROPAGATION
AND OF PEST MANAGEMENT OF CAPSICUM
PLANTING IN CAPSICUM CULTIVATION:
CULTIVATION OF ONION
CLIMATE:
SOIL AND ITS PREPARATION:
SEED RATE & TIME OF SOWING:
LAYOUT & SPACING:
MANURES & FERTILIZERS:
INTERCULTURAL, WEEDING AND OTHER OPERATIONS:
IRRIGATION:
HARVESTING, CURING, YIELD AND STORAGE:
BIO GAS PLANT
SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS
CATTLE FEED
STOCKISTS & DISTRIBUTION OF VETERINARY MEDICINES
SUPPLIERS OF COWS (GIR AND SAHIWAL)
SUPPLIERS OF FINGERLINGS
SUPPLIERS OF DUCKLING

APPENDIX – A:

1.      COST OF PLANT ECONOMICS
2.      LAND & BUILDING
3.      PLANT AND MACHINERY
4.      FIXED CAPITAL INVESTMENT
5.      RAW MATERIAL
6.      SALARY AND WAGES
7.      UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
8.      TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
9.      COST OF PRODUCTION
10.      PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS
11.      BREAK EVEN POINT
12.      RESOURCES OF FINANCE
13.      INTEREST CHART
14.      DEPRECIATION CHART
15.      CASH FLOW STATEMENT
16.      PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET