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Manufacturing Technology of Rosins, Turpentines, Pine Oil, Menthol, Camphor, Terpenes and Derivatives with Processing and Formulations

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The Book covers chapters on Wood Rosin,  Process of Refining Wood Rosin, Esters of Pine Wood Pitch, Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of essential oil of pine cones of Pinus armandii,  Chemical Composition of The Oil of Pinus Pinea L. Seeds,  Resin Products from Pines,  Process for the manufacturing of turpentine, pine oil and rosin from woody materials rich in oleoresin, Structural Determination,  Menthol and Carvone,  Bicyclic Monoterpenoids, Synthesis of A-Santalol,  Production of a-Terpineol from a-Pinene, Menthol, Camphor,  Synthesis and Characterization of Isolongifoline and Acetyl longifoline,  Terpene Resins in Pressure Sensitive Adhesives,  Terpene phenolic resins,  Phenol-terpene-cyclic polyolefin polymer, The Insecticides Obtained from Turpentine,  Pine oil cleaning composition, Terpene Polymer,  Tackifier resin composition and process,  Hot Melt Coating Composition Containing Polyterpene,Terpene Resins,  Liquid Polymers of Turpentine,  Flourinated Terpene Compounds,  Adhesives tackified with low molecular weight terpene-phenolic resins, Terpene halo-alkyl-ether-amine condensation product, Process for preparing a floral odorous perfume,  Phenolic-modified rosin terpene resin, Resins from thiophene and turpentine, Synthetic Camphor Manufacturing, Menthol Oil From Leaves And Menthol Crystals (Peppermint), Spray Drying of Menthol And Peppermint Oil, Project Profile of Turpentine Oil, Camphor Tablets.

Description

Contents
Wood Rosin
  • Introduction
  • Source or Origin of the Substance
  • Properties of the Substance
  • Uses of the Substance
  • Combinations of the Substance
  • Evaluation
Process of Refining Wood Rosin
  • Example
Esters of Pine Wood Pitch
Chemical composition and antioxidant activity 
of essential oil of pine cones of Pinus armandii
  • Introduction
  • Materials and methods
  • Plant material
  • Hydrodistillation
  • Gas Chromatography
  • Gas Chromatography-mass Spectrometry
  • Qualitative and quantitative Analyses
  • Antioxidant activity
Chemical Composition of The Oil of Pinus 
  • Pinea L. Seeds
  • INTRODUCTION
  • Determination of Composition
  • Conclusion
Resin Products from Pines
  • Products
  • Historical Aspects
  • Resin producing pines
  • Effects Of Resin Tapping On Pines
  • Plant material
  • Essential oil isolation
  • Chemical composition
  • GC-MS analysis
  • Antimicrobial assay
  • Microbial strains and culture media
  • Antioxidant activity
  • DPPH free radical-scavenging activity
  • Cytotoxic assessment
  • Human cell lines and culture
  • Cytotoxicity assay
  • Chemical composition
  • Antibacterial activity
  • Antioxidant activity
  • Cytotoxic activity
Process for the manufacturing of turpentine, pine oil and rosin from woody materials rich in oleoresin
Structural Determination
  • Myrcene
  • Other Monoterpenes
  • Citral
  • Geraniol
  • Linalool
  • Citronellol And Citronellal
  • Terpineol
Menthol and Carvone
  • Mint Components
  • Carvone
Bicyclic Monoterpenoids
  • Two Commercial Syntheses of Bicyclic
  • Monoterpenoids
Synthesis of A-Santalol
  • Synthesis of –Santalol
  • Sandalwood Substitutes
  • Synthesis of a-Atlantone from d-Limonene
Production of a-Terpineol from a-Pinene
  • Materials and Methods
  • Equipment and Procedures
  • Analysis
  • Results and Discussions
  • Steady State Condition and Feed Plate Optimum
  • Pressure
  • Ratio of Volumetric Flow
Menthol
  • Synthesis of menthol from Myrcene:
Camphor 
  • Structure Determination
  • Synthesis of Camphor
  • The Properties of Camphor
  • Toxicity of Camphor
Synthesis and Characterization of Isolongifoline 
and Acetyl longifoline
  • Analysis of Reaction product (Reaction Monitoring)
  • Washing and Distillation of Reaction product
  • Characterization of Isolongifoline and Acetyl
  • longifoline
  • Characterization was done by following methods.
  • FTIR Analysis
  • GC-FID analysis
  • GC-MS analysis
  • FT-IR Analysis of Isolongifoline
  • FT-IR Analysis of Acetyl Longifoline
  • GC-FID analysis of Acetyl longifoline
  • GC-MS analysis of Isolongifoline
Terpene Resins in Pressure Sensitive Adhesives
  • Terpene Tackifiers studied
  • Properties Evaluated
  • Tackifiers studied
Terpene phenolic resins
Phenol-terpene-cyclic polyolefin polymer
The Insecticides Obtained from Turpentine
  • Introduction
  • The thiocyanates
  • Chlorinated terpenes
  • Terpenes and derivatives
  • Terpene polymers
.Pine oil cleaning composition
  • Optional Ingredients
  • Method for cleaning a hard surface
  • Pine Oil Formulations
Terpene Polymer                 
Tackifier resin composition and process
Hot Melt Coating Composition Containing Polyterpene,Terpene Resins
Liquid Polymers of Turpentine
Flourinated Terpene Compounds
  • Fluorination of Paracymene
  • Fluorination of Myrcene
Adhesives tackified with low molecular weight 
terpene-phenolic resins
Terpene halo-alkyl-ether-amine condensation product 
Process for preparing a floral odorous perfume
Phenolic-modified rosin terpene resin 
Resins from thiophene and turpentine 
Synthetic Camphor Manufacturing
Menthol Oil From Leaves And Menthol Crystals (Peppermint)
Spray Drying of Menthol And Peppermint Oil 
Project Profile of Turpentine Oil
Camphor Tablets
List of Tables
  • Table : Composition of Wood Rosin
  • Table : Chemical properties of wood rosin
  • Table : Selection of possible components for edible coatings patented for organic fruits
  • Table : Ecotoxicity data for wood rosin in aquatic life
  • Table : Summary of Human Health and Toxicity Parameters of wood rosin
  • Table  Percentage component of the pine cone oils of Pinus armandii.
  • Table  Radical scavenging activity of the pine cone oils of Pinus armandii, BHT and ascorbic acid with DPPH.
  • Table  Larvicidal activity of Pine oil against different Mosquito
  • Table  Efficacy of Pine oil as mosquito repellent on human volunteers
  • Table  Efficacy of Pine oil mats for protection against mosquitoes
  • Table : Compounds obtained from GC/GC-MS analysis of Pinus pinea L. seed’s oils*
  • Table  Important commercial sources of pine resin
  • Table : Beta-pinene properties
  • Table : d-limonene properties
  • Table : D–carene properties
  • Table : D-cadinene properties.
  • Table : Methyl mercaptan properties
  • Table : The different essential oil constituents identified
  • in the essential oils of Pinus roxburghii
  • Table : In-vitro antibacterial activity of essential oil of Pinus roxburghii and refrence antibiotic determined with Agar well Diffusion Method
  • Table : In-vitro cancer activity of Pinus roxburghii essential oil
  • Table  Composition of solution of turpentine and a-pinene
  • Table  shows the relationship of time and the yield of a-terpineol on a variety of feed plates.
  • Table  Purity a-terpineol and a-pinene on the bottom of products for various times with position of the feed Plate
  • Table  Relationships of volume ratio of chloroacetic acid and the a-pinene with the purity of waste and Byproducts
  • Table  Characteristics of Ion Exchange Catalyst Indion
  • Table : Catalytic conversion of longifoline over Catalyst Indion-
  • Table : Adhesive formulations using blends of SIS and SBS
  • Table
  • Table . Results from Iron Oxide based Soil System
  • Table . Results from Oily Soil system
  • Table . Bloom Performance
List of Figures
  • Figure : Molecular structures for abietic, pimaric, and palustric acids
  • Figure : Chromatogram ofPinus pinea L.seeds oil of
  • plants collected from the northwest region of Khorasan, Iran
  • Figure : Chromatogram ofPinus pineaL.seeds oil of plants collected from the southern region of Khorasan, Iran
  • Figure : d-limonene. l-limonene.
  • Figure  Series of research experiment
  • Figure  Relationship of time and yield of a-terpineol on a variety of feed plates
  • Figure  Yield of a-terpineol at various pressures
  • Figure  Relationships of volume ratio of chloroacetic acid solution and the solution of a-pinene to yield a-terpineol
  • Figure  Synthesis of byproduct of a-pinene
  • Figure  Synthesis of Isolongifoline and
  • Longifoline derivatives
  • Figure  Acid Catalyzed Rearrangement of Lonifoline
  • Figure  Reaction Mechanism of Acylation process in Longifoline
  • Figure  FT-IR spectra of Iso-Longifoline
  • Figure  FT-IR spectra of Acetyl-Longifoline
  • Figure   GC-FID chromatogram of Isolongifoline
  • Figure  GC-FID chromatogram of Acetyl longifoline
  • Figure  GC-MS Total ion chromatogram (TIC) of the Isolongifoline sample showing three major chemical constituents
  • Figure  Structure and mass spectra of Isolongifoline
  • Figure Structure and mass spectra of Longifoline
  • Figure GC-MS Total ion chromatogram (TIC) of the Acetyl Longifoline sample showing three major chemical constituents
  • Figure  Structure and mass spectra of Acetyl Longifoline
  • Figure  Structure and mass spectra of Isolongifoline methyl ether
  • Figure : Terpenes for tackifiers