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Phthalic anhydride is an industrially important raw material for the production of anthraquinone used in the manufacture of many vat dyes and in alizarin and alizarin derivatives. It is used directly for the fluorescein, eosine, and rhodamine dyes. Several esters are made from phthalic anhydride and are largely used in th~\acquer industry as plasticizers. It is also used to manufacture alkyd resins, the glyptal and rezyl resins, dioctyl phthalate and the poly-vinyl resins.
Phthalic anhydride, first discovered by Laurent in 1863, was originally prepared by the oxidation of naphthalene with chromic acid. The early methods of manufacture of phthalic anhydride involved liquid phase processes in which expensive nitric and chromic acids were used as the oxidizing agents. The growing demand for phthalic anhydride as an intermediate for dye manufacture in the latter part of the nineteenth century made it imperative that cheaper means for its production be obtained. Consequently, a method of oxidizing naphthalene by sulfuric acid in the presence of mercury salts to form phthalic anhydride was developed.
The discovery of the effectiveness of the oxides of the metals of the fifth and sixth groups of the periodic table, especially of vanadium and molybdenum oxides , in the vapor phase oxidation o£ naphthalene by air led to the present productior~. on a large commercial scale, of phthalic anhydride in either fixed or fluidized bed reactors.
The ever-increasing demand for phthalic anhydride has stimulated search for alternative raw materials. Ortho-xylene, which is available in abundant quantities from petroleum refineries, appears to be the most suitable. Phthalic anhydride may be produced from o-xylene according to the following chemical equation.
INTRODUCTION
PROPERTIES
USES AND APPLICATIONS
B.I.S. SPECIFICATIONS
MARKET SURVEY
IMPORT DATA OF PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE
EXPORT DATA OF PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE
GLOBAL MARKET POSITION OF PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE
CHEMISTRY AND THERMODYMOMI IS IN
COMMERCIAL PRODUCTION OF PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE
MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE
PROCESS IN DETAILS
PROCESS FLOW SHEET
PRODUCT AND BY PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
PLANT LAYOUT
PRINCIPLES OF PLANT LAYOUT
PLANT LOCATION FACTORS
EXPLANATION OF TERMS USED IN THE PROJECT REPORT
PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULES
SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS
SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND MACHINERIES
APPENDIX – A :
1. COST OF PLANT ECONOMICS
2. LAND & BUILDING
3. PLANT AND MACHINERY
4. FIXED CAPITAL INVESTMENT
5. RAW MATERIAL
6. SALARY AND WAGES
7. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
8. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
9. COST OF PRODUCTION
10. PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS
11. BREAK EVEN POINT
12. RESOURCES OF FINANCE
13. INTEREST CHART
14. DEPRECIATION CHART
15. CASH FLOW STATEMENT
16. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET
| Plant Capacity | 10.00 MT./day |
|---|---|
| Land & Building | (6000 Sq.Mtr) Rs. 3.28 Cr |
| Plant and Machineries | Rs. 4.50 Cr |
| Working Capital for 2 Months | Rs. 2.45 Cr |
| Total Capital Investment | Rs. 10.68 Cr |
| Rate of Return | 14% |
| Break Even Point | 68% |
