PLAYING CARDS

     Playing card is a very popular and common product known by every age of person from child to old man.

The game of playing card is also very old and number of games from playing cards can be played.  Although, all the games by playing cards are very interesting but the most disadvantageous bame being  illegal  by low is gambling which caushed high sale of playing cards and give more  popularity. Bridge, Broms, Sweeps, Twenty nine, Rummy etc are the popular game played in clubs & other places.

The   games of playing cards are very   trickly   types interesting.  Ther different types and variety of playing cards are available in the market but the principle of all is one that is 52 leaves divided into four categories of 13 leaves Spader, Hearths, Diamonds & Clubs.

All 13 leaves are classified as 1 to 10 and  K  (King),  Q (Queen) and J (Gulam).
In the modern standards of living the most appealing and attractive playing cards are made on PVC coating card substracts. and plastics laminated.
The advantage of such playing cards is (1) Batter look (2) Non effective on water (3) longer lasting (4) Protection from dust. These type of playing cards are somewhat costlier than the ordinary type of playing cards are somewhat costlier  than  the ordinary  type of playing cards. But the strength & life of the cards along with rigidity are enhanced.
It is specially important to note that manufacturing of  all type of playing cards is done in SSI. only.Playing cards are flat, rectangular pieces of layered pasteboard typically used for playing a variety of

games of skill or chance. They are thought to have developed during the twelfth century from divination

implements or as a derivative of chess. Cards are produced by the modern printing processes of lithography, photolithography, or gravure. In the future, more computerized methods will likely be adopted promising to generate a substantial increase in the playing card manufacturing industry.
The exact story of the emergence of playing cards is debated. Some historians believe that cards were developed in India and derived from the game of chess. Others suggest that they were developed as implements for magic and fortune telling in Egypt. The first written record of the use of playing cards comes from the Orient, dating back to the twelfth century. Playing cards were introduced to Europe during the thirteenth century from the Middle East. Evidence suggests that they first arrived in Italy or Spain and were quickly spread throughout the continent.
Some of these early playing cards were very similar to our modern day cards. They consisted of 52 cards with four suits including swords, cups, coins, and polo-sticks. They also had numerals from one to ten and face cards, which included a king, deputy king and second deputy king. When Europeans began to produce their own cards, they did not produce consistent designs and any number of suits or face cards would be made. In the latter part of the fifteenth cenwry, standardized versions of cards began to appear. The modern day system of spades, hearts, diamonds, and clubs first appeared in France around 1480.
The availability of cards became more wide-spread as production processes improved. The earliest decks of playing cards were hand-colored with stencils. Consequently, they were extremely expensive to produce and were owned almost exclusively by the very wealthy. Cheaper products were also produced, but it is likely that they deteriorated quickly with use. With the advent of new printing processes, production volumes of playing cards were increased. During the fifteenth century, a method of producing cards using wooden blocks as printing templates was introduced in Germany. These decks were quickly exported throughout Europe. The next significant advance in card manufacture was the replacement of wood blocking and hand coloring with copper plate engraving during the sixteenth century. When color lithography was developed in the early 1800s, the production of playing cards was revolutionized. New printing techniques promise to further improve the production of future decks of cards.

INTRODUCTION
USES AND APPLICATIONS
MARKET POSITION & SCOPE
IMPORT DATA OF PLAYING CARDS
EXPOT ANALYSIS OF PLAYING CARDS
EXPOT ANALYSIS OF PLAYING CARDS
EXPORT DATA OF PLAYING CARDS
PRODUCTION, INSTALLED CAPACITY AND CAPACITY
UTILIZATION OF PLAYING CARDS
APPARENT CONSUMPTION OF PLAYING CARDS
ESTIMATED DEMAND
DEMAND SUPPLY GAP
BRAND NAME PLAYING CARDS
PRESENT MANUFACTURERS/EXPORTER     OF PLAYING CARDS
PLAYING CARDS FROM CHINA COME UNDER DUMPING PROBE BY INDIA
RAW MATERIALS
COATING PROCEDURE:
MANUFACTURING PROCESS
CUTTING AND SIZING
PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM
PROCESS DETAILS
PRINTING THE PASTEBOARDS
CUTTING AND STACKING
FURTHER CUTTING AND PACKAGING
QUALITY CONTROL
TECHNIQUE OF PLAYING CARDS MANUFACTURE
DESIGN OF PLAYING CARDS
SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS
SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND MACHINERIES

APPENDIX – A:

1.      COST OF PLANT ECONOMICS
2.      LAND & BUILDING
3.      PLANT AND MACHINERY
4.      FIXED CAPITAL INVESTMENT
5.      RAW MATERIAL
6.      SALARY AND WAGES
7.      UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
8.      TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
9.      COST OF PRODUCTION
10.      PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS
11.      BREAK EVEN POINT
12.      RESOURCES OF FINANCE
13.      INTEREST CHART
14.      DEPRECIATION CHART
15.      CASH FLOW STATEMENT
16.      PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET