SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE (BLEACH LIQUOR)

             Prior  to  the  development  of  chlorinated  bleaches,  the process of bleaching textiles was a long and laborious one  which required several months at a minimum and did not produce the high degree of whiteness to which we are accustomed today.  Goods were spread  on grass fields and bleached by the sun, a process  known as  “crofting”.  A large expense in land rent and maintenance  of the bleach fields thus were required, and only a few could afford the  luxury of cloth bleached in this manner.  In the  early  and middle  eighteenth  century, attempts were made  to  improve  the bleaching  process by steeping the goods in an  alkali  (bowking) prior  to crofting.  The practice of souring was also  introduced in  this  period.   Initially,  it  consisted  of  steeping   the partially  bleached goods in sour milk or buttermilk  for a  week and  then  rinsing  before  final  crofting.   About  1750,  Home published  his  discovery that a dilute sulfuric acid  sour  gave better  results with less than 24 hours steeping time. Even  with these  improvements, bleaching of linen goods required  at  least three months.

Project Report Covers:

Introduction
Uses and Applications
Properties
Market Survey with future aspects
Present Manufacturers
B.I.S. Specifications
Manufacturing Process with Formulae
Cost Economics with Profitability Analysis
Capacity
Land & Building Requirements with Rates
List & Details of Plant and Machinery with their Costs
Raw Materials
Details/List and Costs
Power & Water Requirements
Labour/Staff Requirements
Utilities and Overheads
Total Capital Investment
Turnover
Cost of Production
Break Even Point
Profitability
Land Man Ratio
Suppliers of Plant & Machineries and Raw Materials.