Toughened Glass

Toughened  glass is a type of soda-lime-silica glass with  a sheet thickness 4-12 mm.  The sheet has a central tensile  stress of  500-1200 kg/cm2 and a ratio of surface compressive stress  to central  tensile stress of 2:1 to 4:1.  The article is  toughened by  heat exchange with an oil (or chilled air) in which these  is maintained  from 0.01 – 0.07 % liquid.  The boiling point  liquid may be an organic liquid such as carbon tetrachloride,  methanol, benzene,  toluene,  trimethyl alcohol,  ethyl alcohol  or  Xylene etc.

The  toughened glass is described as a type of  glass  which has  been mechanically strenghen by a thermal process in which  a layer of compression has been introduced at the surface.

     There are several glass items introduced into early ages  of the century.  

Project Report covers:

Introduction
Uses and Applications
Properties
Market Survey with future aspects
Present Manufacturers
B.I.S. Specifications
Manufacturing Process with Formulae
Cost Economics with Profitability Analysis
Capacity
Land & Building Requirements with Rates
List & Details of Plant and Machinery with their Costs
Raw Materials
Details/List and Costs
Power & Water Requirements
Labour/Staff Requirements
Utilities and Overheads
Total Capital Investment
Turnover
Cost of Production
Break Even Point
Profitability
Land Man Ratio
Suppliers of Plant & Machineries and Raw Materials.