Some example of surfactant applications in the petroleum industry
Surfactants and their solutions
Surfactant classifications
Illustration of a Gemini surfactant
Phase behaviour
Organization of surfactant molecules in a micelle
Some common CMC methods
Surfactant adsorption and surface properties
Approximate surfactant HLB values
Analysis for surfactants
Typical methods of surfactant analysis
Detergency and the displacement of dirt and oil
Ore flotation
Surfactants and detergency
Surfactant stabilized dispersions
Foams and froths
Some possible flow regimes corresponding to the use of air, mist, foam or liquid as a drilling fluid
Micro foams (colloidal gas aphrons)
Emulsions
Other surfactant applications
Surfactants in biological systems
Surfactants in health and personal care products
Sufactants in foods
Surfactants in crop protection
Surfactant toxicity and persistence
Some possible biodegradative pathways for linear alcohol ethoxylate surfactant
ANIONIC SURFACTANTS

Soaps and Other Carboxylates
Selection of different acids according to soap use
Cations
Suffonation and sulfatation
Sulfonation mechanisms
Sulfatation Mechanisms
Sulfates
Alkyl Sulfate (or better Alkyl Ester Sulfate)
Alkyl Ether Sulfates (or better Alkyl Ethoxy Ester Sulfate)
Sulfated Alkanolamides
Glyceride sulfates and other sulfates
Sulfonates
A bit of history about petroleum sulfonates
Alkyl aromatic structures found in lube oil vacuum cuts
Dodecyl benzene sulfonate and synthetic detergents
Short tail alkyl benzene sulfonates-hydrotropes
Typical Detergent Formulations
Alpha olefin sulfonates
Lignosulfonates
Sulfo carboxylic compounds
Other anionic surfactants
Orano phosphored surfactants
Sarcosides or alcyl amino acids
SYNTHESIS AND FOAMING PROPERTIES OF NEW ANIONIC SURFACTANTS SODIUM DODECYL ISOSORBIDE SULFATES

Experimental
Chemicals and general methods
The sodium dodecylisosorbide sulfate surfactants under study
Synthesis and purification of the compounds
Sodium dodecylisosorbide sulfates a and b
Sodium diethoxylated dodecyl sulfate (SLE2S)
Foaming properties
Modified Bikerman’s test
Results and discussion
Synthesis of the 5-O-dodecyl isosorbide
sulfate a and 2-0-dodecyl isosorbide sulfate b.
Synthetic path to the sulfated dodecylisosorbide derivatives a and b
Kraft temperature and CMC of dodecyl isosobide sulfates compared to SDS and SLE2S
Kraft temperatures, critical micelle concentrations (cmc) and ionization degrees obtained by conductimetry for the isosorbide derivatives a and b, SDS and SLE2S
Spatial conformation of 5-0 dodecyl isosorbide
sulfate a (top) and 2-0-dodecyl isosorbide sulfate b (bottom) after geometry optimization (B3LYP/TZVP)
Conductivity as a function of concentration for 5-0-dodecyl isosorbide sulfate a (circle), SDS (triangle) and SLE2S (square) at 25 degree Centigrade
Evolution of the foam height with time during a modified Bikerman’s test
Foaming properties of 5-0 dodecyl isosorbide sulfate a compared to SDS and SLE2S
Evolution of the transmitted and backscattered lights with time along the sample height
Data that can be extracted from the transmitted light signal of the turbiscan
Quantitative data for the foams generated by solutions of 5-0 dodecyl isosorbide sulfate
Foamability and foam stability at three cmc
Foamability
Evolution with time of the backscattered light at the bottom of the foam for 5-0 dodecyl isosorbide sulfate
Evolutions of initial foam height Ho with surfactant concentration for 5-0 dodecyl isosorbide sulfate
Foam stability
Effect of surfactant concentration on foaming properties
Evolutions of half life time 11/2 with surfactant concentration for 5-0 dodecyl isosorbide sulfate
Conclusion
NONIONIC SURFACTANS

Types, Structures and Applications of Nonionic Surfactants
Ethoxylated Alcohols
Correlation of HLB Values & Application Range
Ethylene oxide adduct distribution of narrow range ethoxylated alcohol
Ethoxylated Alkylphenols
Ethoxylated Acids
Fatty Acid Alkanolamides
Ethoxylated Alkanolamides
Esters of Polyhydroxy Compounds
Ethoxylated Esters
Ethylene Oxide/Popylene Oxide Copolymers (POE/POP)
Alkylpolyglucosides (APGs)
Amine Ethoxylates
Amine Oxides
CATIONIC AND AMPHOTERIC SURFACTANTS

Types, Structures and Applications of Cationic Surfactants
Structures of important QAC Types
Types, Structures and Applications of Amphoteric Surfactants
Typical Formulations with Cationic Surfactants
Fabric Softeners
Structures of Important Types of Amphoteric Surfactants
Disinfecting Cleaners
Frame Formulations of Liquid Fabric Softeners
Frame Formulations of Active Matter in dryer Sheets
Frame Formulations of Liquid Detergents Containing wash Cycle softeners Based on a Nonionic/Cationic System
Frame Formulations of Various Antimicrobial Cleansers
Conditioning Hair Rinses
Frame Formulation of an Antimicrobial Manual Dishwashing Liquid
Frame Formulations of Various Conditioning Hair Rinses
Frame Formulationof a Conditioning Shampoo
Formulations Containing Amphoteric Surfactants
Spectroscopic methods
Frame Formulation of a Baby Shampoo
Frame Formulation of a Shower Gel
Infrared Spectroscopy
Frame Formulation of a Dishwashing Liquid
Characteristic IR Absorption Bands of QACs and Related Substances
Cationic Surfactants
Amphoteric Surfactants
Nuclear Magnetic
Resonance
Spectroscopy
Cationic Surfactants
Amphoteric Surfactants
Mass Spectrometry
Cationic Surfactants
Amphoteric Surfactans
INORGANIC DETERGENT BUILDERS

Carbonates and hydrogen carbonates
Sodium Carbonate and Sodium Sesquicarbonate
Identification and Detection of Carbonates
Quantitative Carbonate Determination
Determination of sodium carbonate by carbon dioxide evolution method
Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate
Identification and Detection of Hydrogen Carbonates
Potassium Carbonate
Identification and Detection of Potassium carbonate
Determination of Potassium
Determination of potassium content by atomic absorption spectrometry
Phosphate
Identification and Detection of Phosphates
Quantitative Determination of Orthophosphate
Total Phosphate and Total Phosphorus
Determination of total phosphorus content by atomic emission sectrometry
SEQUESTRANTS AND CHELATING AGENTS

Analysis of monomeric types
Aminopolycarboxylates and Aminopolyphosphonates
Common Types of Aminopolycarboxylates
Common Types of Aminopolyphosphonates
Monomeric Polycarboxylic Acids with Sequestering Abilities
Monomeric Polycarboxylic Acids
Polymeric sequestering agents
Common Polymeric Sequestering Agents
Analysis
BLEACHING AGENTS AND BLEACHING ACCELERATORS

Bleaching Systems in Detergents
Table typical compositions of the bleach system of Powder formulations in Western Europe
N.N.NV.NV-tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED)
Nonanoyioxybenzene sulfonate (NOBS)
Nitriles
Pentaacetylglucose
Tetraacetylglycoluril
Diacetyldioxohexahydrotriazine (DADHT)
Reaction Mechanisms
MnTACN
Reaction mechanism of perborate
Stability of bleaching agents
Reaction mechanism of perhydrolysis
General
Analysis of persalts
Perborate and Percarbonate
Sodium perborate
Other Persalts
Analysis of bleach activators
H.N.NVNV-Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED)
N.N.NV.NV tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED)
Nonanoyloxybenzenesulfonate
Perhydrolysis of NOBS
Nonanoyloxybenzene sulfonate (NOBS)
Phthalimidoperoxycaproic acid (PAP)
Others
Nitriles
Nitiles
Perhydrolyis of nitriles
Analysis of bleach catalysts
Structure
Application Fields
Identification and Quantification
Other bleaching agents
Hydrogen Peroxide
Sodium Hypochlorite
Isocyanurates and Cyanuric Acid
Determination of peroxycarboxylic acids in the presence of hydrogen peroxide
Titrimetric Methods
Gas Liquid Chromatographic Methods
Spectrophotometric Methods
Oxidation reaction of ABTS
Liquid Chromatographic Methods
Electroanalysis
OPTICAL BRIGHTENERS

Definition Optical Brighteners
Uvitex OB Absorption and Fluorescence Emission Curves
The processes involved in light absorption and fluorescence by optical brighteners
Energy Diagram of Optical Brighteners and Transitions
Types and Properties of Optical Brighteners in Laundry Detergents
DSBP type FWA
Structures of diaminostibene brighteners
Brighteners for synthetic fibers and wool
Pigments used as colorants in detergents
Anionic water soluble dyes preferably used in liquid detergents
Brightening colors in detergents
Extraction system with molecular porous regenerated cellulose (pore size 800-100 Da) in a 100-times large water bath
The chemistry of optical brighteners
Chemical Properties of Optical Brighteners
Fluorescence the Effect of Optical Brighteners
Problem due to isomerization
Methods of determination
Precautions for Analysis
Analysis of Brightening Colors
Sample Preparation Techniques
Detection Methods
Analytical Separation Techniques
Identification of Optical Brighteners
Quantitative Determination of Optical Brighteners
Conclusion
DETERGENT ENZYMES

Compositions of an enzyme detergent
Performance of enzymes in detergents
Alkaline Protease
Alkaline Cellulase
Alkaline Amylase
Materials
Alkaline Protease
Alkaline Cellulase
Alkaline Amylase
Methods
Alkaline Protease
Purification of Alkaline Protesses
Cloning and Sequencing of Gene for Alkaline Proteases
Alkaline Cellulase
Pufication of Alkaline Cellulases
Alkaline Amylase
Purification of Alkaline Amylases
Cloning Genes Encoding Alkaline Amylases
PRINCIPLES OF ENZYME ANALYSIS

Qualitative analysis of enzyme classes and types
Principles of Qualitative Enzyme Analysis
Process of enzyme analysis in detergents
Amylases
Cellulases
Lipases
Proteases
Process of Enzyme identification with protease containing products
Quantitative analysis of enzymes
Amylase
Cellulase
Release of Reducing Sugars
Decrease in Viscosity
Lipase Analysis
Chromogenic Substrates
Protease Analysis
Fluorigenic Substrates
TOXICOLOGY

Detergent Ingredients
Surfactants
Builders
Bleach Active Compounds
Auxiliary Agents
Fluorescent Whitening Agents
Finished Detergents
Conclusions
PROJECT PROFILE ON LIQUID DETERGENT

Introduction
Market Potential
Basis and presumptions
Implementation schedule
Technical aspects
Process of Manufacturing
Quality Specification
Production Capacity per annum
Motive Power 3 Phase
Total apital investments
Means of finance
Financial aspects
Fixed capital
Machinery and Equipment
Working capital
Other expenses per month
Total working capital per month
Cost of production per annum
Turnover per year
Fixed cost per year
Profit analysis
Machinery suppliers
Raw material suppliers
PROJECT PROFILE ON DETERGENT POWDER AND CAKE

Introduction
Market Potential
Basis and presumptions
Implementation schedule
Technical Aspects
Formulation of Detergent Bars/Cakes
Process Description
Quality Control and Standards
Production Capaity
Fixed Capital
Working Capital
Raw Material
Total Capital Investment
Financial Analysis
Net Profit
Profit on turnover
Total Turnover per year
Rate of Return on Total Capital Investment
Break even point
Fixed Cost
COMPOSITION OF SOAP AND DETERGENT

Composition of Household Soaps
Plant Economics of Soap and Detergent
Plant and Machinery
Fixed Capital
Raw Materials
Total Working Capital/Month
Total Capital Investment
FORMULA FOR DETERGENT CAKE AND POWDER

Detergent Cake Formula and its Manufacture
Plant Economics
Plant and Machinery
Fixed Capital
Raw Materials
Total Working Capital Month
Total Capital Investment
Turn Over/Annum
FORMULATION FOR DISH WASHING LIQUID DETERGENT

Formulations
20% Liquid Detergent Paste
Plant Economics of dish washing liquid detergent sles based
Plant and Machinery
Fixed Capital
Raw materials
Total Working Capital/Month
Total Capital Investment
Turn Over/Annum
FORMULATION FOR FLOOR CLEANER

Formulations of floor and bath room cleaners
Floor and Bathroom Cleaner
Plant Economics of Floor Cleaner (Liquid Antistatic Type)
Plant and Machinery
Fixed Capital
Raw materials
Total Working Capital /Month
Total Over/Annum
FORMULATION FOR NEROL SOAP

Formulation of Nerol Soap
Plant Economics of Nerol Soap
Plant and Machinery
Fixed Capital
Raw materials
Total Working Capital/Month
Total Capital Investment
Turn Over/Annum
FORMULATION OF DETERGENT CAKE

Formulation of Detergent Cake (Vim Type)
Plant economics of detergent cake (vim type)
Plant and Machinery
Fixed Capital
Raw materials
Total Working Capital/Month
Total Capital Investment
Turn Over/Annum
FORMULATIONS FOR BATHING SOAP AND HERBAL SOAP

Formulation for Bath soaps by Cold Process
White Bath Soap
Process
Rose Soap
Fanoy Soap
Onental Soap
Himalayan Bouquet Soap
Plant Economics of Bath Soap (Various Types)
Plant and Machinery
Fixed Capital
Raw materials
Total Working Capital/Month
Total Capital Investment
Turn Over/Annum
FORMULATIONS OF HERBAL SOAPS PERFUMES

Manufacture of Bath Soap by Remelting Process
Life boy type soap
Transparent soap
Formulations of herbal soaps perfumes
Formulation No. 1
Formulation No. 2
Process of Soapmaking
Raw Materials
Perfumes for Herbal Soaps
Soap Perfumery
Honey Soap
Orange Soap
Lemon Soap
Rose Soap
Elder flower Soap
Transparent Glycerine Soap
Perfume Formulation
Plant economics of bath soap manufacturing
Plant and Machinery
Fixed Capital
Raw materials
Total Working Capital/Month
Total Capital Investment
Turn Over/Annum
HAND WASH (HIGH FOAMING AND FRAGRANCE) FORMULATIONS OF LIQUID HAND SOAP

Formulation
Formulation of Liquid hand wash
Plant Economics of hand wash (high foaming and fragrance)
Plant and Machinery
Fixed Capital
Raw materials
Total Working Capital/Month
Total Capital Investment
Turn Over/Annum
HAND WASHING DETERGENT POWDER

Formulation of detergent powder (low cost)
Formulation of detergent powder (medium cost)
Plant economics of hand washing detergent powder
Plant and Machinery
Fixed Capital
Raw materials
Total Working Capital/Month
Total Capital Investment
Turn Over/Annum
LAUNDRY AND DRY CLEANERS

Process of Dry Cleaning
Wet cleaning
Laundering
Professional Cleaning Steps
Tips to Help You Get the Most from Your
Professional Cleaner
Plant economics of laundry and dry cleaning
Plant and Machinery
Fixed Capital
Raw materials
Total Working Capital/Month
Total Capital Investment
Turn Over/Annum
LIQUID SOAP AND DETERGENT

Formulations of Soaps
Formulae of Pine Oil hand Soap
Plant Economics of Liquid Soap and Liquid Detergent
Plant and Machinery
Fixed Capital
Raw materials
Total Working Capital/Month
Total Capital Investment
Turn Over/Annum
MANUFACTURE OF DETERGENT POWDER WITH FORMULATION

Quantitative Requirement
Plant Economics of Detergent Powder (Surf Excel and Wheel Type)
Plant and Machinery
Fixed Capital
Raw materials
Total Working Capital/Month
Total Capital Investment
Turn Over/Annum
MANUFACTURE OF GLASS CLEANER

Manufacturing Process of Cleaner (Colin Type)
Colin Type Cleaner (Formulation Process)
Process
Process flow sheet
Plant economics of cleaner (colin type)
Plant and Machinery
Fixed Capital
Raw materials
Total Working Capital/Month
Total Capital Investment
Turn Over/Annum
PERFUMES FOR SOAP DETERGENT AND AGARBATTI

Plant Economics (yara yara)
Plant and Machinery
Fixed Capital
Raw materials
Total Working Capital/Month
Total Capital Investment
Turn Over/Annum
TOILET BOWL CLEANER AND HAND DISHWASHER LIQUID

Formulation of acid toilet bowl cleaner
Plant economics of toilet bowl cleaner and hand dishwasher liquid
Plant and Machinery
Fixed Capital
Raw materials
Total Working Capital/Month
Total Capital Investment
Turn Over/Annum
TOILET SOAP CAKE

Formulation for Bath Soaps (Toilet Soap) by Cold Process
White Soap
Process
Plant Economics of toilet soap (cake form)
Plant and Machinery
Fixed Capital
Raw materials
Total Working Capital/Month
Total Capital Investment
Turn Over/Annum
WASHING POWDER AND WASHING SOAP

Manufacture of Detergent Cake
Process 1 Quantitative Requirement
Composition of household soaps
Plant economics of washing powder and washing soap
Plant and Machinery
Fixed Capital
Raw materials
Total Working Capital/Month
Total Capital Investment
Turn Over/Annum

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The post Complete technology book on soaps, detergents, cleaners and fragrance with formulae appeared first on EIRI - eBooks and Project Reports.

Soaps are water soluble sodium or potassium salts of fatty acids. Soaps are made from fats and oils, or their fatty acids  by treating them chemically with a strong alkali, Detergents, or washing powders, are type of detergent (cleaning agent) that is  added for cleaning laundry. In common usage, detergent refers to mixtures of chemical compounds including alkylbenzene sulfonates, which are similar to soap but are less affected by hard water. In most household contexts, the term detergent refers to laundry detergent vas hand soap or other types  of  cleaning agents. Most detergent is delivered in powdered form.

Saponification of fats and oils is the most widely used soapmaking process. This method involves heating fats and oils and reacting them with a liquid alkali to produce  soap and water (neat soap) plus glycerine.

The other major soapmaking process is the neutralization of fatty acids with an alkali. Fats and oils are hydrolyzed (split) with a high pressure steam to yield crude fatty acids and glycerine. The fatty acids are then purified by distillation and neutralized with an alkali to produce soap and water (neat soap).

When the alkali is sodium hydroxide, a sodium soap is formed. Sodium  soaps are hard soaps. When the alkali is potassium  hydroxide, a potassium soap is formed. Potassium soaps are softer and are found in some liquid hand soaps and shaving creams.

The carboxylate  end of the soap molecule is attracted to water. it is called the hydrophilic (water loving) end. The hydrocarbon chain is attracted to oil and grease and repelled by water. it is known as the hydrophobic (water hating) end.

The Perfume manufacturing industry is a very large industry that employs a number  of experts with ongoing experiments and improvements. Perfumes today are being made and used in different ways than in previous centuries.

Because the sense of smell is a right brain activity, which rules emotions, memory, and creativity, perfume are now also being used to heal and make people feel good. Smelting sweet smells has a positive effect  on one’s mood and helps to boost the immune system.

RAW MATERIALS FOR SOAPS

Introduction
Classification of Fats/Oils
Further classification of fatty oils
Very useful fats and oils
Coconut Oil
Tallow
Palm Oil
Palm karnel oil
Cottonseed Oil
Ground Nut Oil
Castor Oil
Corn Oil
Chinese Vegetable Tallow
Rice bran Oil
Olive Oil
Tall Oil
Linseed Oil
Babassu Oil
Mahua Oil
Lard
Greases
Neat’s Foot Oil
Hydrogeneted Oil
Fish Oil
Purification steps of soap fats
Alkali Refining
Acid Washing
Bleaching
Bleaching of absorbent
Bleaching with the use of oxidization agents
Soap fats testing
Non fatty raw materials for soap
The Aklalies
Soap builders
Stabilizers antioxidants
Other additives or foam producing agents for soap
Filter
Formulae for rancidity prevention in soap
Process of rancidity prevention
Solvents
bacteriostatic/deodorants/ medicaments agents
Clarifiers
Colouring matters
Colour preparation
Milled soaps
List of Some Water Soluble Dyes
Requirement of Colours for a 100 kg Soap batch
Full boiled/semi boiled/cold made soaps
Recommended oil soluble colours
Soap base and liquid soaps
Water soluble colours
Washing/Laundry Soaps
Medicated Soaps
Various shades and colours
Description of perfumes
Fixatives
Essential oils
Isolates
Synthetic chemicals (odourous)
Synthetic chemicals
Essential oil used as fixatives
Fixatives
Resinous product
Classifications of perfumes

ABRASIVE CLEANERS

FORMULATIONS FOR TOILET SOAP MANUFACTURE

Formula for Oriental type toilet soap
Formula for Perfume Mixture in Toilet Soaps
Formula for superfatted soaps
Formula for Perfume mixture in super fatted soaps
Formula for Fancy Soaps
Formula for Fancy soaps perfume mixture
Formula for Himalayan boquet type soaps
Formula for Boquet type soaps perfume mixture
Formula for Rose type soaps
Formula for Rose type soaps perfume mixture
Formulae for inferior quality toilet soaps
Formula for inferior quality toilet soaps
process of inferior quality toilet soap
Formula for Lux type soaps
Process of Lux type soap manufacture
Formula for Khas Soaps
Formula for Amla Soap
Formula for Rose Soap
Formula for Sandal Soap
Formula for Musk soap
Formula for Almond Soap
Carbolic Soap is the Category of Grade 3 Toilet Soap
Formula for Carbolic Soap
Formula for LifeBuoy Type Carbolic Soap
Manufacturing process of carbolic soap
Transparent Soap as a Winter Soap
Formulae for Transparent Soap Manufacture
Formula for Winter Soap Manufacturing
Method of transparent soap manufacture
Manufacture of Transparent soap in power sector
Transparent Soap Manufacture in Non Power Sector

FABRIC SOFTENERS

FORMULATIONS OF PERFUMES

Introduction
Formula
Formula (Curacao base)
Formula (Perfume Cuir base 1)
Formula (Perfume woody base 1)
Formula (Perfum QH 1)
Formula (Bouvardia DM)
Formula (Parfum AO)
Formula (Parfum F)
Formula (Parfum HB)
Aldehydic Perfumes
Formula (Parfume VN)
Formula (Parfum C)
Formula (Parfum SP)
Chypre Types
Formula (Parfum)
Formula (Base Chypre H)
Formula (Parfum VW)
Oriental Perfumes
Formula (Base S.H.)
Formula (Perfum J)
‘Green’ Perfumes
Formula (Hyacinth Green base)
Dominant Note Types
Formula (Parfum)
The Ambergris Note
Formula (Parfum BM)
Formula (Perfume concentrate as above)
Manufacturing Processes
Alcoholic Strengths
Control

FRAGRANCE MANUFACTURE WITH FORMULAE

Introduction
Formulae
Toilet Waters
Modified Colognes
Perfumes for Men
Lavender
Formula 3 (Lavender)
Verbena
Violet
Formula 4 (Town and Country H.M.)
Formula
Formula (Peau d” Espagne)

LIQUID SOAP

Formula Liquid Soap
Formula Liquid Soap Manufacture
Formula Liquid Soap
Process of Liquid Soap Manufacture
Soft Soap Manufacture
Formula Soft Soap Containing Soda
Formula Soda Soft Soap Manufacture
Formula Soft Soap Containing Castor Oil
Formula Soft Soap with Castor Oil
Soft Soap Manufacturing Process

LIQUID DETERGENTS

LIQUID AND PASTE DETERGENTS (HERBAL)

Requisites of sufactants for formulating liquid detergents
Surfactants Most Commonly Used
Builders
Viscosity Controllers
Other ingredients
Household Liquid Detergents for Lanundering Heavy Duty
Manufacture of Paste Detergents
Formulations of Liquid and paste Detergents
Heavy Duty Liquid Detergents
Light Duty Detergents
Liquid Shampoo
Typical Formulation No. 1
Opaque Viscous Solution No. 2
Procedure
Light Duty (for silk, wool etc.)
Typical Formulation No. 1
Procedure
Typical Formulation No. 2
Rug Cleaning Liquid Detergent  Formulations
A Recommended Formulation
Formulae
Heavy duty Liquid Detergents
Heavy duty Liquid Detergent with controlled foam
Formula Opaque Lotion type Light duty Liquid Detergent
Formula Light duty Household Liquid Detergent
Formulae
40% Detergent Paste
20%Detergent Paste
Metal Degreasing Liquid Detergent
General purpose Solvent based Detergent
Textile Scouring paste
Textile Degumming Detergent Paste
Low Foaming Liquid Detergents
Other Formulations of Synthetic Liquid Detergents
Light duty Liquid Detergent
Light duty Liquid Detergent for Dishwashing
Household Liquid Detergent Cleaner
Light duty Clear Detergent liquids
Light duty Liquid Detergent Lotion
Heavy duty Liquid Detergent

MEDICATED SOAP MANUFACTURING

Formula Medicated Stock Soap
Manufacturing process of Medicated Stock Soap
Formula Other Medicated Sulphur Soap
Manufacturing Process of Medicated Sulphur Soap
Formula Medicated Neem Soap
Manufacturing Process of Medicated Neem Soap
Formula Soap based Powders for Washing
Formula Soap based Powder  Manufacturing for Coloured Fabrics
Manufacturing Process

PRODUCTION OF SOAP

Introduction
Manufacturing Method of Soap
Production of soap full
Boiling process
Manufacturing Process

PRODUCTION OF CAKE SOAP AND WASHING BAR

Formula Typical Washing Soap
Recovery of glycerine as a by product
Cold made process and semi boiling process in the cottage and small scale industries
Manufacturing Process
Equipments used for semiboiling and cold made process

PASTE DETERGENTS

Calcium Sulphonates

PERFUMES MANUFACTURE

Introduction
Rose
Formulae
Formula (Rose F)
Formula (Rose H)
Formula (Rose rouge)
Formula (Rose blanche)
Jasmine
Formula (Jasmine 1)
Formula (Jasmine 2)
frmula (Jasmine 22.0 Fantasy 3)
Formula (Jasmine base 5)
Formula (Jasmine base 5a)
Orangeflower and Neroli
Formula 12 (Orange flower A)
Formula 13 (Neroli A)
Violet
Formula 14 (Violet 1)
Formula 15 (Violet 2)
Formula 16 (Parma Violets Absolute Art)
Formula 17 (Violet base)
Acacia
broom
Carnation
Type of Carnation
Oeillet de nice
Garden pink
Sea pink
Formula 18 (base Claveline 1)
Formula 19 (Base Claveline 2)
Cyclamen
Fougere (Fern)
Formula (Fougere 1)
Formula (Fougere 2)
Gardenia
Formula (Gardenia 1)
Formula (Gardenia 2)
Hawthorn
heliotrope
Honeysuckle
Formula (Chevrefeveuille 1)
Hyacinth
Formula (Hyacinth 1)
Iris
Lilac
Formula (Lilac base 1)
Formula (Lilac 2)
Lily of the Valley
Formula (Muguet No. 1)
Formula (Muguet 2)
Linden (Lime Biossom)
Formula (Tilleul 1)
Magnolia
Mignonette (Reseda)
Formula (Reseda 1)
Mimosa
Narcissus
formula (Base Narceine 1)
Formula 33 (Narcissus 2)
Nardo
New Mown hay
Nicotiana
Opopanax
Formula 34 (Opopanax Art L)
Orchid (Orchidee)
Pansy
peony
Phlox
Sweet Pea
Formula 35 (Pois de Senteur 1)
Formula 36 (Sweet pea 2)
Syringa (Philadelphus)
Formula 37 (Syringa 1)
Trefle (Clover)
Formula 38 (Trefle 1)
Tuberose
Frmula 39 (Base Tuberose 1)
Formula 40 (Base Tuberose 2)
Verbena
Formula 41 (Verveine 1)
Wallflower
Wistaria
Ylang-Ylang
Formula 42 (Ylang 1)

PERFUMES USED IN SOAP, DETERGENTS, DISINFECTANTS AND COSMETICS

Perfumes for Soaps
Factors Influencing Soap Perfuming
Esters
Alcohols
Ketones
Aldehydes and acetals
Other constituents
Soap perfumery fashions
Perfuming synthetic detergents
Stability of Perfumery Chemicals
Perfumed disinfectants
Formulae
perfuming the air
Incense and furnigants
Perfumed candies
Paints and polishes
Other household products
Perfuming cosmetics
Adapting the Perfume to the Vehicle
Perfuming Creams
Perfuming Powders
Perfuming Lipstick and Nail Lacquer
Hair Preparation Perfumes
Perfumed Aerosols
Pharmacy and medicine
Industrial Perfumes
Perfumes for Textiles
Perfumed Ink and Paper
Masking Malodours
Perfume in agriculture
Perfumed Insecticides
Miscellaneous uses
Flavours as perfumes

SOAP FROM SEMI BOILING PROCESS

Production of Soap
Physical appearance of cold made process
Remedies for cold made products
Formula Typical household washing bar soap
Formula Good quality washing soap
Formula 3 Cheaper quality washing soap
Formula 4 Washing soaps cold process
Process of manufacture
Formula 5 manufacture
Formula 5 Sunlight type washing soap Semi boiled process
Process of manufacture
Formula 6: Cotton Seed Oil Reside for Washing Soap
Process of manufacture
Formula 7 Washing Soap without Adulteration
Process of manufacture
Formula 8 Nerol Washing Soap by full boiled process
Manufacturing Process
Formula 9 Nerol Washing Soap (White)
Formula 10 Lux Soap of White Colour
Process of manufacture
Formula Sandal Soap
Manufacturing process
Jet Saponification Process

SOLID DETERGENTS WITH FORMULAE

Detergent Toilet bars
Syndet Toilet Soap Formulae
Formulae
Household Scrub bars

TOILET SOAP MANUFACTURING

Band Dryer Method
Tubular dryer method
Flash drying Method
Mixing of ingredients into the soap
Preservatives
Perfumes used in Toilet Soaps
Types of Colour used in the Toilet soap
Colour Index
Rules for Colours
Opacifiers used in Toilet Soaps
Optical Brightners Used in Toilet Soaps
Super Fatting Agent in Toilet Soaps
Structurants used in toilet soaps
Bactericides and germicides used in toilet soaps
Various Other Additives used in Toilet Soap
Double helical mixer used for toilet soap manufacture
Structure of refiners and mills
Structure of three roll mill
Plodding used in toilet soap manufacture
Stamping machine for the specification of soap
Causes of stamping problem
Making of dies for quality requirement
Wrapping materials for toilet soap
Wrapping machine
packing process

TRANSLUCENT SOAP MANUFACTURE

Formula Translucent Coconut Oil Soap
Manufacturing process of translucent coconut oil soap
Floating soap manufacture
Aeration process of floating soap
Formula Floating Soap
Formula Floating Soap
Manufacturing process of floating soap

TOILET PREPARATIONS

Cream Shampoo Formula
Process of Cream Shampoo
Liquid Shampoo Formulae
Formula
Process of Liquid Shampoo
Formula for Liquid Shampoo
Process of Liquid Shampoo
Pearlscent Shampoo Formula
Process of Pearlscent Shampoo

VARIOUS FORMULATIONS FOR MANUFACTURE OF SOAPS

Introduction
Formula Neem Soap Manufacture
Process of neem soap manufacture
Formula Camphor Soap Manufacture
Process of camphor soap manufacture
Formula Naphthalene Soap Manufacture
Process of naphthalene soap manufacture
Formula white colour lux type soap manufacture
Process of manufacture
Formula Lux Type Soap Manufacture
Process of Lux type soap manufacture
Formula Hamam Type Soap Manufacture
Process of Hamam type Soap Manufacture
Formula Chaulmogra Soap Manufacture
Process of Chaulmogra Soap Manufacture
Formula Iodine Soap Manufacture
Process of Iodine soap manufacture
Formula Borax Bath Soap Manufacture
Process of borax bath soap manufacture
Formula Borax Soap Powder
Process of Borax Soap Powder Manufacture
Formula Borax Dry Soap
Process of borax dry soap manufacture
Formula Surgical Soap
process of surgical soap manufacture
Formula Germicidal Soap
Process of Germicidal Soap Manufacture
formula Honey Soap Manufacture
Formula Hyacinth Soap Manufacturing
Formula Jasmine Soap Manufacture
Formula Lily Soap Manufacture
Formula Lavender Soap Manufacturing
Formula Palm and Olive Oils Manufacturing
Formula Frose Soap Manufacture
Formulae Violet Soap
properties of violet soap
formula Violet Soap
formula Khas Soap Manufacturing
Manufacturing Process of Khas Soap
Perfumery Soap Manufacturing Formula
formula Acacia Soap based On Essential Oils
Formula: Acacia Soap Manufacturing based On Synthetics
Formula Amber Soap Manufacturing
Formula Cederwood Soap Manufacturing
Formula Carnation Soap Manufacturing
Formula Chypre Soap Manufacturing
Formula Cologne Soap Manufacturing
Formula heliotrope Soap Manufacturing
Formulae Herbal Soap Manufacturing
Formula Washing Soap with soap Stone Manufacturing
Process of manufacture
Formula: Washing Soap with soda Silicate Manufacturing
Process of manufacture
Formulae Washing Soap Manufacturing
process of washing soap manufacture
Formula Washing Soap  Manufacturing
Process of manufacture
Formula washing soap manufacturing
Process of washing soap manufacture
Formula Washing Soap of Various Types
Process of various type of washing soap manufacture
Formulae bar Soap Manufacturing
Process of bar soap manufacture
Formula Bar Soap Manufacture
Process of manufacture
Formula Bar Soap Manufacturing
Process of bar soap manufacture
Formulae: Bar Soap of Cheaper Class Manufacturing
process of cheaper class bar soap manufacture
Formula Low Class bar Soap Manufacturing
Process of low class bar soap manufacture
Formula: cheaper class bar Soap Manufacturing
Process of cheaper class bar soap manufacture
Formula: Minimum Quality bar Soap Manufacturing
Process of minimum quality bar soap manufacture
Formula: Minimum Class Bar Soap Manufacture
Process of minimum class bar soap manufacture
Formula Medium Class Bar Soap Manufacturing
Process of medium class bar soap manufacture
Formula Medium Quality bar Soap Manufacturing
Process of Medium Quality bar Soap Manufacture
Formula bar Soap of Various Quality

DETERGENT POWDER

Introduction
Simple Absorption
formula for Washing of Stone Floors
Formula
Process of Manufacture
Combined Absorption and Neutralization
Heavy Duty Household Washing Powder
Formula 100% Sulphonic Acid
Formula : 90% Sulphonic Acid
Process of Manufacture
Formula
Procedure
Formulae for White Household heavy Duty Washing Powder
Formula 100% Sulphonic Acid
Formula 90% Sulphonic Acid
Dry Mixing of Powders
Spray-Drying of Powders
Colour
Particle Size of powder
Bulk Density
Residual Moisture
Tower Operation Conditions
Stickiness in Spray Dried Powder
product uniformity
Separation of Powder
Wet Scrubbing
Use of Fines
Combination of Spray Dried and Dry Mixed Powders
Ballestra Cembed System
Paterson Kelley System
Anhydro System
Drum Drying of Powders

TESTING  AND ANALYSIS

Introduction
Tests for Oils and Fats
Moisture Determination
Test for Free Fatty Acids
Test for Impurities
Test for Unsaponifiable matter
Test for Titre
The Iodine Number
The Saponification Number
Melting Point of Fats
Acid Number
Acetyl Value
Specific Gravity of Oils
Rancidity Test

PACKAGING OF DETERGENT POWDER AND BARS

Introduction
Packaged Commodities Rules
Declaration to Be Made On Every Package
Packaging Rules
Specific Quantities of Packed Commodities
Synthetic Detergent Powder Packaging
Cartons for Packaging
Paper/Poly Sachets
Polythene bags
Detergent bar Packaging
Specifications for Packaging of Materials
Testing Methods for packaging
Physical Test for packaging
Substance
Dimensions
Bursting Strength
Compression Resistance
Tensile Strength
Scuff Resistance
Moisture Content
Other Tests for Packaging
Wax/polythene coated wrapper
Stability to Alkali
Stability to Flap
Water Absorption
Type of Filting
Machine Direction on Paper and Board
Stiffness of Board
Miscellaneous Tests

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