MANUFACTURING MEDICAL PLASTICS LIKE CATHETERS, SYRINGE, DEXTROSE SALINE (I.V. FLUID) IN PLASTIC BOTTLE, IV SET CANNULA AND RELATED MATERIALS

  There is a huge demand of Medical Plastics in India and abroad, Many items can be produces in this category.
CATHETERS
A catheter is a flexible tube made of latex, silicone, or Teflon that can be inserted into the body creating a channel for the passage of fluid or the entry of a medical device. For many years, the epidermal catheters used were plain tubes made of available industrial compounds, and design was largely based on current need. In the 1950s and early 1960s, a very common practice was to cut a suitable length of industrial polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or nylon tubing and have it sterilized with the other surgical equipment. Nowadays, there are many specialized catheter designs. For example, specific catheter designs allow catheters to be used in pulmonary, cardiac (vascular), neonatal, central nervous system, and epidural tissues. Catheters are designed to perform tissue ablation (tissue removal) and even serve as conduits for thermal, optics, and various medical devices.

The three major types of catheters are coronary, renal, and infusion. Coronary catheters are used for angiography (x-ray of blood vessels after injection of radiopaque substance), angioplasty (altering the structure of a vessel), and ultrasound procedures in the heart or in peripheral veins and arteries. The best-known renal catheters are Foley catheters, which have been commercially available since the 1930s. These catheters are equipped with an inflatable balloon at the tip and are used for urine incontinence, dying patients, and bladder drainage following surgery or an incapacitating injury or illness. The Foley catheter is relatively easy to use and used throughout the world in hospitals, nursing homes, and home-care settings.
Catheters are flexible, hollow tubes which allow blood to flow in and out of your body. They are most commonly used as a temporary access for up to three weeks. This is often done when a patient needs dialysis immediately and is waiting for a fistula or graft to mature. They are also used when a permanent access fails and a patient is too unstable to delay treatment. Several different types of catheters exist. Or we can say that a catheter is a tube put into the body, usually by a medical person, to let fluids drain out. It is often used when the person cannot urinate, as during and right after surgery.

It can also be used to drain pus or blood out of a wound. It is very bad to reuse one as it can have germs on it from the first use. It must be inserted in a very sanitary method so as not to introduce germs into the person. Many folks that have illnesses that makes it difficult to urinate must have them in all the time and sometimes get urinary tract infections if they are not changed often and in a safe manner.
Catheter refers to a central venous catheter (CVC) or a central line.
Hub refers to the end of the CVC that connects to the blood lines or cap.
Cap refers to a device that screws on to and occludes the hub.
Limb refers to the catheter portion that extends from the patient’s body to the hub.
Blood lines refer to the arterial and venous ends of the extracorporeal circuit that connect the patient’s catheter to the dialyzer.

History:
The earliest precursor to the present day Foley catheter is documented in 3000 B.C. It is believed that Egyptians used metal pipes to perform bladder catheterizations. As early as 400 B.C. hollow reeds and pipes were used in cadavers to study the form and function of cardiac valves.
In 1844, Claude Bernard inserted a mercury thermometer into the carotid artery of a horse and advanced it through the aortic valve into the left ventricle to measure blood temperature. It is because of his work that the use of catheters became the method of standard for physiologists in the study of cardiovascular blood flow. Adolph Fick took another major step in the development of cardiac catheterization in 1870. His famous note on the calculation of blood flow is the basis for today’s cardiac procedures.
Among the earliest published descriptions of human catheterization were done by Frizt Bleichroeder, E. Unger, and W. Loeb in 1912. They were among the first to insert catheters into the blood vessels without x-ray visualization. Interest in catheterization was also stimulated with the advent of chemotherapy. Early chemotherapy required the injection of drugs directly into the central circulation. Bleichroeder inserted catheters into dog arteries and assessed the effects after leaving them in place for several hours. He reported no complications or clots.
The Foley catheter came into existence in the 1930s. Frederick E. B. Foley began to experiment with different catheters of the time. He realized that urinary catheters would easily slip out of the bladder because there was no way to hold them in place. Foley experimented with different methods.

INTRODUCTION
KEY TERMS IN IV FLUIDS
DEXTROSE
CATHETES LENGTH, SIZES & TYPES
TYPES
DIAMETERS:
TYPES AND BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF CATHETERS
MATERIALS USED IN CATHETER
ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGE OF CATHETER
CENTRAL VENOUS CATHETER
PROPERTIES OF DEXTROSE
PROPERTIES
RAW MATERIALS REQUIREMENT FOR IV FLUID
BLOW FILL SEAL (BFS) TECHNOLOGY
MEDICAL BLOW-FILL-SEAL
SOURCE OF MACHINES TECHNOLOGY
USES AND APPLICATION
PROPERTIES AND CHARACTERISTICS
DISPOSABLE SYRINGE TECHNCAL ANALYSIS
MARKET SURVEY
SUMMARY FIGURE
GLOBAL CATHETER MARKET, BY REGION, 2011 AND 2016 (%)
ECONOMIC PROFILE
WORLD MARKET CONSUMPTION
PRODUCTION OF SYRINGES AND NEEDLES
MANUFACTURERS AND SUPPLIERS OF DISPOSABLE SYRINGES
POTENTIAL CONSUMERS
IMPORT OF SURGICAL GLOVES
INSTALLED CAPACITY, UTILIZATION & PRODUCTION OF SURGICAL GLOVES
APPARENT CONSUMPTION OF SURGICAL GLOVES
ESTIMATED DEMAND
DEMAND SUPPLY GAP
PRESENT MANUFACTURERS/SUPPLIERS OF SURGICAL GLOVES
OVERVIEW OF INDIAN DRUGS AND PHARMACEUTICALS INDUSTRY
GLOBAL MARKET POSITION OF MEDICAL DISPOSABLES
PRESENT MANUFACTURERS OF I.V. SET
B. I. S. SPECIFICATION
MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF CATHETER
PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM
CATHETER DESIGN AND MATERIALS
HUB OPTIMIZATION AND INTEGRATIO OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE CATHETERS
MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF DISPOSABLE PLASTIC SYRINGE
PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM OF DISPOSABLE PLASTIC SYRINGE
DETAILS OF PLASTIC PART PROCESSING AND STERILIZATION
FACTORS INFLUENCING ETHYLENE OXIDE STERILIZATION
MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF I.V. SET CANNULA
PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM OF I.V. SET
PROCESS IN DETAILS
EXTRUSION PROCESS OF PVC MEDICAL TUBING
TECHNOLOGY AND PRODUCTION PROCESS FOR SURGICAL GLOVES
MANUFACTURING FLOW CHART FOR
PROCESSING METHOD OF SURGICAL GLOVES
MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF SURGICAL GLOVES
FORMULATION OF SURGICAL GLOVES
PROCESS FLOW FOR MANUFACTURE OF NON-STERILE SURGICAL GLOVES
MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF FFS TECHNOLOGY
MANUFACTURING PROCESS UNDER B.F.S./F.F.S.
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF BFS PRODUCTION PROCESS
FLOW DIAGRAM OF MANUFACTURING OF I.V. FLUIDS
SPECIFICATION OF EFFLUENT DISCHARGE OF PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY
LIST OF MACHINERY IV BAG PRODUCTION FORM FILL AND SEAL MACHINE
CIP SYSTEM
DETAILS OF EQUIPMENTS & MACHINERY FOR CATHETER
SUPPLIERS OF PLANT & MACHINERY
SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS

APPENDIX – A :

1.      COST OF PLANT ECONOMICS
2.      LAND & BUILDING
3.      PLANT AND MACHINERY
4.      FIXED CAPITAL INVESTMENT
5.      RAW MATERIAL
6.      SALARY AND WAGES
7.      UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
8.      TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
9.      COST OF PRODUCTION
10.      PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS
11.      BREAK EVEN POINT
12.      RESOURCES OF FINANCE
13.      INTEREST CHART
14.      DEPRECIATION CHART
15.      CASH FLOW STATEMENT
16.      PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET